Soni S. Clinical and epidemiological features and potential factors for determining the prognosis of chronic viral hepatitis B in HIV-infected individuals

The dissertation is devoted to the study of clinical and epidemiological features and potential factors for determining the prognosis of chronic hepatitis B (HBV) in HIV-infected individuals based on the role of interleukin-17A and IP-10 chеmokine in blood stream in its clinical course. Scientific data on the epidemiological aspects of the prevalence of HBV and HIV infection among residents of the western province of Zambia have been supplemented. For the first time, it was shown that by territorial prevalence, the highest proportion of donors infected with HBV and HIV infections was determined in the Limulunga region. A high level of prevalence of HBV and HIV infections among donors in the western province of Zambia was found: positive markers of HIV infection were detected in 7.8%, and HBV infection in 6.7%. The dynamics of the incidence over the past 5 years was analyzed, which showed a 1.65-fold decrease in the infection of the population of Zambia with HBV, a 2.10-fold decrease in HIV infection. The main factors influencing the infection among various gender age classes are analyzed. Thus, the obtained data indicate a low HBV infection among people under the age of 20 years, which is explained by the introduction of compulsory vaccination of newborns since 1998, and at the same time, a wide prevalence of HBV among people 30-49 years old due to the low the social status of the population of this age period and the popularization of injecting drug use. The prevalence of incidence of chronic hepatitis B (8.86%) among the male population and HIV infection (7.69%) in the female population of the Western province of Zambia was studied.The analysis of changes in serum IL-17A at various degrees of activity of the inflammatory process (cytolysis) was carried out, which showed a significant increase in the content of IL-17A in serum according to an increase in the activity of the inflammatory process, as in patients with HBV/HIV coinfection with a high degree of activity of the inflammatory process, the content of this indicator was 6.42 times higher than in patients with low activity. It was also proved that the level of IL-17A in the blood serum of coinfected people with all degrees of inflammatory process (cytolysis) is a higher compared to monoinfected HBV.