This paper presents theoretical and methodological justification of the essence, reveals the peculiarities and principles of structural transformation of the national economy taking into account the world trend of digital transformation, as well as defines approaches to forming the instruments to realise a state structural policy, which correspond with the European principles and economic potential.
The essence and theoretical-conceptual foundation of a state’s economy structural transformation in modern conditions are described in the paper. The instruments for structural transformation of national economy are generalized and classified. The author has developed theoretical and methodical approaches to forming and modernizing the instruments for structural transformation of national economy of Ukraine. These instruments presuppose consideration of interconnected general (frame and compulsory) instruments and the selection of special tools that are situational and variable and are defined for a certain period of time to achieve intermediate targets in the framework of the strategic aim and respective priorities, conditioned by the principles of economy and society digital transformation.
On the basis of the experience of a number of European countries in economy structural transformation, it has been established that forming a harmonious structure of the national economy should stem from the increase of the number of enterprises that produce final hi-tech products (IT, aerospace industry, instrumentation engineering etc.), technological modernization of industry and infrastructure, development of new industries for Ukraine. At the same time, systematic implementation and adaptation of European instruments for innovative development of economy will considerably improve its structure and ensure its competitive recovery.
The interconnection has been revealed between national, regional, and sector-specific policy and respective instruments of its realization under the conditions of digital transformation. It has been established that the state of national economy structure is much inferior in comparison with developed European countries in the following aspects: hi-tech export (minor part), agriculture (significant part), level of transaction expenses (high). The development of financial and economic regulators of domestic economy structural transformation has been studied. Moreover, peculiarities of the use of budget instruments to boost the innovative economy development as a key process of ensuring structural transformation of national economy have been analysed.
The dissertation justifies the following strategic priorities of structural transformation of Ukrainian economy: 1) increase of the number of innovations in the structure of gross value added of the national economy; 2) diversification of economic activity according to the principles of sustainable development; 3) establishment of the system of multi-level economic governance due to the increase in regional development imperative, conditioned by the active process of public authorities decentralization. The decentralization process presupposes that subjects of regional and local levels are actively involved into developing and implementing respective decisions and instruments. Besides, special instruments of structural economic policy in Ukraine are proposed in the thesis.
The paper also justifies possibilities and preconditions for realising a new stage of structural policy and suggests approaches to modernizing the instruments of structural transformation of national economy due to realization of digital transformation concept. The author has proposed a complex of instruments for state structure economic policy, the use of which will have positive long-term effect on the process of structural transformations of the national economy, activation of investment and innovative, modernizing processes that should lead to forming more progressive structure of the national economy and boost competitive strength of Ukraine.
A structural-logical model has been developed that helps to analyse the effectiveness of the instruments of national economy structural transformation and a formal mathematical model of managing the effectiveness and efficiency has been suggested. The formal mathematical model has been elaborated on the example of a complex of relevant programs as one of the key instruments in accordance with strategic priority – raising the share of innovations in the structure of added value of national economy. This methodological approach enables us not only to perform quantitative estimation of the structural policy results, received on their basis, but also to define the degree of structural changes influence on economy.
Key words: innovative development of economy, instruments of economy structural transformation, structural transformation of national economy, digital transformation of economy.
