Shevchenko L. Features of use of the microbial preparation Polimiksobakteryn in corn cultivation technology for optimization of the production process of the culture.

The study of the peculiarities of application of microbial preparation Polimiksobakteryn in corn cultivation technology for optimization of the culture production process. It has been experimentally proved that the optimal rate of preparation application is 500 ml/ha. P. polymyxa KV does not develop on stems and leaves when using Polymiksobakteryn while vegetation, which indicates the positive effect of the preparation as a source of physiologically active substances. We have expanded knowledge about the quantitative content of physiologically active substances which are the products of P. polymyxa KV metabolism. P. polymyxa KV was found to produce compounds of phytohormones: auxins and abscisic acid. Phytohormonal compounds synthesized by P. polymyxa KV ensure stimulation of growth processes, resistance to abiotic stresses and may play a role in protecting plants from phytopathogens, which makes them advantageous for treatment of cultivated plants while vegetation. We have enriched understanding about the mechanism of affecting of P. polymyxa KV phosphate-mobilizing bacteria on the development of microorganisms and biological transformation of phosphorus compounds in the rhizospheric soil of corn plants. For the first time it was discovered that P. polymyxa KV exhibits the ability to synthesize exopolysaccharides – amylopectine and levan, which are able to activate the processes of soil phosphate mineralization. Studies have shown that it is advisable to use the developed agronomic method (bacterization of seeds and treatment of vegetating plants in the phase of 7-9 leaves) when growing corn. The method improves the absorption of phosphorus by plants and increases its content in leaf and stem mass by 0.05 % and in grain by 0.08 %. Total taking of phosphorus with the crop yield and efficiency of phosphorus nutrition of plants rates to 48,2 %. By studying the effect of different methods of Polimiksobakteryn application, we have deepened knowledge about the mechanism of biometric, morphogenetic, physiological, and biochemical changes in corn plants, which ensures optimization of the production process of the crop. There was identified growth of the root system as well as increase of active adsorption surface by 2.5 times, which increases the coefficients of absorption of biogenic elements from the soil by plants and the improves plant nutrition. For the first time, it has been found that complex application of Polimiksobakteryn in corn cultivation increases the content of vitamin В2 (riboflavin) in the herbage mass of corn from 51.3 (control) to 84.6 μg/g of moist matter. The use of the microbial preparation Polimiksobakteryn in corn cultivation technology increases crop yield by 1.0-2.4 t/ha, protein content by 0.6-1.4 % and starch content in the grain by 7.9-8.9 % depending on the way it is applied. Agronomic method, which includes bacterization and treatment of vegetating plants on the phase of 7-9 leafs, is characterized by the highest efficiency with crop yield increase by 28.5 %. It was defined that developed agronomic method, which includes bacterization and treatment of vegetating plants on the phase of 7-9 leafs with Polimiksobakteryn, increases the profit by 38.0 % and ensures return of additional expenditure with a profit of 9.74 UAH/UAH.