Object: the early infectious complications after the total arthroplasty of knee and hip joints. Aim: the improving of the diagnosis of early infectious complications after knee and hip arthroplasty based on the study of the patterns of changes in the cytological, biochemical, immunological markers of blood and fluid from the cavity of the operated joint. Methods: clinical, radiological, general, biochemical and immunological analysis of blood, analysis of fluid from the cavity of the operated joint; biochemical, immunological analysis and microbiological examination of fluid from the cavity of the operated joint, statistical. New knowledge about dynamic changes of cellular composition of fluid from the cavity of operated joint in the early postoperative period was obtained. For the first time, by means of microscopic studies, normative indices of the leukocyte count in the fluid from the cavity of the operated joint for 2, 7 and 14 days of the uncomplicated by infection postoperative period have been developed. For the first time on the basis of biochemical studies, knowledge about the level of hyaluronic acid in the fluid from the cavity of the operated joint for 2, 7 and 14 days of uncomplicated by infection postoperative period and in the presence of infectious complications have been obtained. On the basis of immunological studies, the presence of an imbalance in the level of autoimmune lymphocytotoxic and granulocytotoxic antibodies, with a decrease in their ratio < 2 in patients with the development of infectious complications, was first established. It was established that increasing the level of autoimmune granulocytotoxic antibodies, non-specific products of leukocytes migration ingibition factor, and the appearance of autoimmune reactivity to synovial membrane antigens and the pathogenic agent of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the form of a decrease in specific products of leukocytes migration ingibition factor is a sign of the development of infectious complications after arthroplasty. The developed method of monitoring the course of the early postoperative period is aimed at the diagnosis of early periprosthetic infection after the knee and hip arthroplasty to ensure the earliest possible treatment, which allows to improve the results. Testing methodology demonstrates its high efficiency. A scoring system for estimate of the deviation of hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters of blood serum and fluid from the cavity of the operated joint from reference values has been developed, which allows objectivizing the difference in the dynamics of these indicators in different groups and improve the diagnosis of early periprosthetic infection. The results of the dissertation were introduced into the clinical practice of the SI “Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, KNP of the Balakleysky district council of the Kharkiv region “Balakleysky central clinical district hospital”, KNP of the Kharkiv regional council “Regional clinical trauma hospital”, KNP of the Kharkiv regional council “Regional clinical hospital”, KNP “City clinical multidisciplinary hospital No. 17” of the Kharkov city council, and in The educational process of the Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Тraumatology and Orthopaedics.
