Matvieiev O. The formation of nanostructures during fast processes of ion and laser processing of cutting tools and parts

Object of research – cutting tools and parts with nanocoating and nanostructured layers obtained due to the action of ion fluxes and laser radiation; the purpose of research – increase of efficiency of formation of a surface by the cutting tool, its working capacity and increase in a resource of details; research methods – classical methods for determining the crystallization energy of carbides, nitrides, oxides and taking into account the quantum mechanical properties of thermophysical and thermomechanical characteristics of materials, as well as methods for solving problems of mathematical physics using modern methods of experimental research and measuring instruments; results – revealed varieties, values of energies and charges of ions at which nanoclusters are realized in volume and nanostructures in the form of surface structures are created, and also technological parameters of laser radiation at which nanostructures are created of the set size at necessary depth in material of the cutting tool , and their the change leads to the appearance of a nanostructured layer; novelty – for the first time ranges of ion energies during action on hard sintered MC221 and aluminum D16T alloys were found, in which it is necessary to take into account the joint influence of grain formation energy from nitrides, carbides, oxides and their thermophysical and thermomechanical characteristics taking into account quantum mechanical properties for to increase the accuracy of forecasting technological parameters of nanostructures formation during ion-plasma treatment; the mathematical model of physical processes during ion-plasma processing of material is improved and the criteria defining a way of setting thermophysical and thermomechanical characteristics (quantum-mechanical or from experimental reference data) of hard sintered MC221 and magnesium MA14 alloys are introduced, which allowed to increase the accuracy of grain size prediction; for the first time the technological parameters of laser radiation for the formation of nanostructures during its action on the ceramic hard alloy Elbor-R were determined and it was found that the duration of the radiation pulse among other technological parameters is decisive and is in the femtosecond range also proven that high temperature stresses are realized in this range, which initiate the emergence of nanostructures without additional conditions; degree of implementation – the main results and recommendations were implemented at JSC "FED" in the performance of works to strengthen the working surfaces of cutting tools and parts of aggregate construction and obtained an annual economic effect of 350 thousand UAH; field of application – aviation and general engineering.