The results of long-term monitoring (during 2010-2017) of the spread of soybean bacteriosis in 8 regions (oblast) of Ukraine (Kyiv, Vinnytsia, Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Sumy, Poltava, Rivne and Kherson) are presented in thesis work.
During bacteriological analysis of the infected samples, 1729 samples of soybean plants with specific bacterial lesions were isolated and analyzed. 1271 isolates were isolated from them and 860 bacterial cultures were selected for further work after bacteriological analysis. Pathogenic, morphological-cultural, physiological-biochemical, molecular-genetic properties were determined for all newly isolated pathogens.
Currently, there are no registered products in agriculture against phytopathogenic bacteria. Thus, the determination of sensitivity of collection and newly isolated strains of phytopathogenic bacteria to known products used in agriculture within the system of integrated plant protection and the search for microbial antagonists to pathogens of soybean bacteriosis have been conducted.
The vast number of tested soybean bacterial pathogens are resistant to the recommended and widely used pesticides in agro-technologies. In particular, such products as Ranazol, Vivat, Vitavaks, Fitoftorin, Abakus, Aviator, Kapalo, Tattu, Khorus, Gaucho, Kharnes do not have antibacterial activity to all investigated pathogens of soybean bacterial diseases. It is shown that antibacterial activity against all strains of the pathogens of soybean bacteriosis has only mancozeb and selective activity to some pathogens have prometrin, carbendazim, tebuconazole and bixafen + proconazole (Rydomil and Rydomil Gold, Hesagard, Rakurs, Ranazol and Aviator respectively).
Among the 11 collecting bacterial cultures of Paenibacillus polymyxa stored in the Department of phytopathogenic bacteria and isolated from the plant, four bacterial strains with high antagonistic activity against different groups of phytopathogenic bacteria and particularly pathogens of soybean bacteriosis were selected.
The strain Bacillus sp. (F-1) was isolated from the epiphytic microflora of soybean which has antagonistic action against representatives of the most common and harmful species of phytopathogenic bacteria of the Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Pectobacterium, Pantoea, Curtobacterium, Clavibacter, Agrobacterium genera, as well as almost all bacterial pathogens.
Keywords: bacterial diseases of plants, soybean, phytopathogens, biological properties, identification, PCR, pesticides, antagonism.
