Nikolska K. Stimulation of the immune system regeneration in irradiated mice through transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors preincubated with multipotent stromal cells of thymus

Object of the study: immunological, regenerative and radioprotective activity of thymic multipotent stromal cells (MSCs), features of regenerative, immunological and radioprotective activity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and progenitors from fetal liver and bone marrow, preincubated in vitro with thymic MSCs. Objective: to increase the efficiency of immune system regeneration in irradiated mice by transplantation of thymic MSCs, bone marrow and fetal liver cells preincubated with thymic MSCs. Methods: immunological, cytological, cultural, statistical. Theoretical and practical results, scientific novelty: for the first time it was established that thymic MSCs and hematopoietic cells have a membrane affinity, which provides the possibility of intercellular contact interaction in vitro, manifested by the formation of fibroblast-lymphocyte rosettes (FLR). For the first time, it was shown that when administered to lethally irradiated mice, bone marrow and fetal liver cells, preincubated with thymic MSCs, as well as thymic MSCs, stimulated regenerative activity of the immune system more significantly than normal cells. This was manifested by increased survival of irradiated animals and a significant restoration of natural and adaptive immunity. Practical significance: The proposed model of FLR contributes to the development of the scientific direction of studying cellular cooperation in the functioning of the immune system. The identified phenomenon and the method of its production should be used in laboratory practice and clinical work. The data obtained can be the basis for ways to increase the effectiveness of clinical transplantation of HSCs and progenitors. It is possible to use thymic MSCs for immunotherapy. Of practical importance are data on the possibility of storing the studied MSCs and HSCs in cryobanks for further transplantation. Scope of application: in educational and methodical work for teaching courses of laboratory and clinical immunology, as well as in the preparation of textbooks, manuals and other educational literature in these disciplines.