Opanasiuk A. Optimization of dental implant localization conditions with the involvement of complex of orthodontic treatment methods

Popularity of dental implantation has led to the increase of interest to bone augmentation procedure at patients with localized defects of alveolar ridge, which requires an ideal implant position. Method of orthodontic tooth extrusion as a method of bone tissue reconstruction along with indirect methods of bone remodeling analysis is important for the determination of the processes occurring in bone tissue as well as of the terms of implant placement. In the dissertation, the urgent problem of modern dentistry is solved, which consists in optimization of dental implant localization conditions. A theoretical justification and a new solution to the urgent scientific and practical problem of orthodontics are presented - increasing the effectiveness of orthodontic tooth extrusion by studying the features of bone tissue reconstruction during and after it. With the purpose of epidemiological surveys, general characteristic and retrospective statistical analysis we have processed 5698 dental cards of the patients at the age of 30–60 years of Shevchenkivskyi, Desnianskyi and Darnytskyi districts of Kyiv. Thus, it was found that the amount of tooth loss at Kyiv citizens at an average was 74,1 % at women and 72,2 % at men. Orthodontic extrusion of teeth was simulated in an animal experiment and morphological changes occurring in bone tissues and periodontium using a NiTi arch wires of 0.014 inches and 0.016 inches were established. For the purpose of detection of morphological mechanisms of regeneration, forced tooth extrusion was simulated in the experiment on rabbits with the use of orthodontic nickel titanium wire of different diameters. 54 patients aged 31-60 y. were examined and treated according to the proposed methodology. According to CBCT with densitometric measurements, it was proved that the administration of calcium preparations after orthodontic extrusion of the teeth leads to an increase in the optical density of the bone tissue of the alveolar process. Based on the results of complex examination and clinical observations confirmed by experimental researches and densitometric measurements according to CBCT, one can affirm high efficiency of suggested treatment method during orthodontic tooth extrusion. Key words: orthodontic tooth extrusion, forced eruption, cone beam computed tomography, densitometry, bone tissue regeneration.