Shcherbak I. Improvement of the efficiency of electrical distribution networks by power load management

The dissertation is devoted to issues of increasing the efficiency of urban distribution networks functioning on the basis of equalization of electric load graphs (ELG). The study of the methods and technical means of alignment of ELG showed that the coverage of ELG mainly on the higher levels of the electro energetic system occurs, while the most effect on the process of electricity consumption is at the level of distribution in electrical networks. The factors that have a significant effect on the formation of the ELG of energy systems in Ukraine are identified. The level of the hierarchical structure of the power system, on which it is expedient to use consumer regulators for alignment of the ELG is justified. The features of the ELG 10 / 0.4 kV are determined in the work, stationary areas are allocated and a probabilistic mathematical model of the 10/0.4 kV TS load is constructed in order to ensure the completeness of information support for the process of control of consumers-regulators (CR). The power of the consumersregulators and the boundaries of the zones of the day for their connection to the existing TS 10 / 0.4 kV were determined taking into account the load capacity and the insulation wear of the transformers. The principles of choice of CR have been developed, the advantage of complex application of different types of consumers-regulators in systems of heat and cold supply has been stated. The peculiarities of the use of automated water heating systems and ice accumulators as CR have been investigated. The method of complex solution of the problem of alignment of ELG of TS 10/0,4 kV based on optimization of composition and power of CR is developed. An optimization mathematical model of power management of CR was created, taking into account the total minimum cost of additional costs of the energy supply organization to cover the losses of electricity caused by the unevenness of the ELG and for the consumed electricity for the technological process by the onsumersregulators. Weight coefficients for the components of the mathematical model have been determined. The optimization mathematical model is solved by the nonlinear programming method. The application of the developed method allowed to reduce the power losses in the network by 9.5% per unit of transmitted power by reducing the irregularity of the ELG and increasing the efficiency of the transformers. The effectiveness of applying the alignment methods of the graph of electrical load under conditions of numerically in commensurate the ELG on the levels of Energy System are evaluated. The factors that lead to cost savings due to the redistribution of electricity consumed during the day when used as consumersregulators of water heaters and ice-accumulators are identified.