Trush M. Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of functionalized onium salts

Functionally modified pyridinium, imidazolium, aminoimidazolinium, guanidinium, and phosphonium salts. The purposeful research of a number of functionalized onium salts in order to identify among them effective low-toxic biocidal agents with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. In vitro antimicrobial activity evaluation by disc diffusion method, in vivo acute toxicity assessment (LС50-value), spectrophotometry, FT-IR spectroscopy, molecular docking, statistical processing techniques. For the first time, the relationship between the type of functionalization of the studied onium salts and their biological properties is described. It has been determined that phosphonium salts exhibit a higher antibacterial and anti-fungal potential than long-chain onium salts, whose effect is mainly on inhibiting the growth of fungi Candida species. It has been established that phosphonium salts belong to high and moderate toxic substances, while most long-chain cationic onium salts are moderately and slightly toxic substances. The experimental studies have shown the effectiveness of chemical modification of long-chain cationic salts by ester and hydroxyl groups as one of the methods for reducing their toxicity. Based on the results of IR spectroscopy and molecular docking studies, the ability of the investigated long-chain onium salts to form complexes with human serum albumin was demonstrated. For the first time, the presence of antioxidant properties of the onium salts has been established. According to the results of the study, pyridinium, imidazolium, guanidinium salts with alkyloxycarbonylmethyl substituents, and a number of 1,3-oxazol-4-yltriphenylphosphonium salts are promising candidates for further study as low-toxic disinfectants with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties. The results of the dissertation work were introduced into the educational process of the Department of Chemistry of the Biological Faculty of Zaporizhzhya National University (ZNU) (Protocol No. 6 dated 24.01.2018). Scope – bioorganic chemistry.