Yakoviichuk O. Oxidation-reduction processes and fatty acid composition in muscle tissue of geese in ontogenesis and under conditions of viсasol.

The dissertation is devoted to research of oxidation-reduction processes, the activity of key enzymes of energetic processes and alterations of fatty acid composition in the muscle tissues of geese during ontogenesis and under their correction by vicasol. As a result of the studies it was found a change of prooxidant-antioxidant balance in muscle tissues, significant alterations in the dehydrogenase activities of Krebs' cycle and the fatty acid composition and accumulation of peroxide oxidation products of lipids in physiologically stressed periods of ontogenesis. Moreover, it was also estimated effect of vicasol in postnatal ontogenesis. It was found that during ontogenesis the level of the Krebs cycle dehydrogenases activity of muscle tissues increased, which depends of tissues oxygen consumption level. The average level of activity of succinate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase of the myocardium is higher than the corresponding parameters of skeletal. The activity of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system of prenatal period changed, the activity of glutathione peroxidase in skeletal muscles did not change in the myocardium, and gradually decreased in smooth muscle tissue. During the transition to postnatal development, an increase in the activity of enzyme in the myocardium by 75.0 % and 2.3 times in the muscle tissue of the stomach, with a constant level in skeletal muscles. Catalase activity during this period decreased in gastric smooth muscles and skeletal muscles. For superoxide dismutase, an increase in activity in gastric smooth muscle tissue at the end of embryonic development was found. At the end of embryogenesis, a significant decrease in myocardial lipid unsaturation (by 25.6%) was established. In the stomach and skeletal muscles, a significant decrease in this indicator (by 35.9 and 18.0%, respectively) was observed during the postnatal adaptation ofgeese.