tion in the English Literary Discourse.
Hypocrisy is pretence, discrepancy between the words and deeds of personality and his/her real feelings, beliefs, and intentions. The hypocrite puts on a mask, trying to hide true feelings and emotions in order to achieve the goal.
The verbal component of the hypocrite’s communicative behavior is a hypocritical utterance, treated as a separate type of pragmatic utterances. From a pragmatic point of view, a hypocritical utterance is a speech act, whose illocutionary purposes are as follows: to make the addressee change his/her mind about the speaker for the better; to induce the addressee to accept the speaker’s point of view; to make the addressee act in accordance with the speaker’s self-interested motives; to induce the addressee to admit the speaker to his “zone of trust” and treat him as one of his friends; to make the addressee focus his attention on something insignificant in order to conceal something important; to hide true feelings from the addressee. Typical perlocutionary reactions to utterances of a hypocritical speaker have been revealed.
The main pragmatic types of speech acts used by a hypocritical interlocutor are: assertives, directives, quesitives, commissives, and expressives (emotives, evaluatives, and behabitives). Hypocritical speech acts violate the sincerity condition, i.e. they are insincere speech acts. The insincere speaker has two superimposed intentions: 1) a real intention that he/she tries to hide and 2) a false one which he/she attempts to convey to the addressee.
Hypocritical speech acts function in insincere discourse, which is defined as mental-communicative activity based on the speaker’s falsification of his intention. There are three types of insincere discourse, distinguished according to the characteristics of its generating process: spontaneously generated insincere discourse, pre-prepared insincere discourse, and periodically renewed insincere discourse.
The discourse analysis of strategies and tactics of the hypocritical interlocutor carried out on the basis of the English literary discourse has revealed the following strategies: a strategy of active manipulation, a strategy of passive manipulation, a manipulative neglect strategy, a strategy of competitive manipulation, a manipulative strategy of the positive, a strategy of intimacy, and a strategy of communicative mimicry.
The components of non-verbal communication accompanying speech of a hypocrite have been singled out. The hypocritical interlocutor skillfully disguises his true intentions, feelings and experiences with the help of non-verbal means of communication: facial expressions and visual behaviour, prosodic components characterizing his voice, tactile, kinesic, and proxemic components as well as communicative silence. Quite often the hypocrite uses non-verbal means of communication in an integrated manner, which contributes to the success of his communication.
The non-verbal components used by a hypocrite, alone or in combination with verbal ones contribute to the targeted impact on the addressee, which in its turn contributes to the successful realization of the hypocrite’s intention. However, inappropriate or unsuitable use of non-verbal components of communication serves as an indicator of insincerity and reveals the hypocrisy of the interlocutor. Non-verbal means of communication convey meaning by complementing, regulating, contradicting or substituting verbal ones actualizing interlocutors’ hypocrisy.
The analysis of verbal and non-verbal means of hypocrisy actualization carried out in this work opens new prospects for future research on the phenomenon of hypocrisy in the gender aspect.
