The author proposes a new solution to the current scientific and applied problem of theoretical and methodological approaches to determination of the development directions for national economy of Ukraine taking into account the ecological aspect. Strategy formulation refers to the process of choosing the most appropriate course of action for the implementation of organizational goals and objectives and thus achieve an organizational vision.
The author has proved that there is no single comprehensive and easy-to-use definition of "environmental and economic development". There is not even enough in-depth research and development in this area to explain the meaning of this distinction, and instead of a broad differentiation of scientific approaches, it is thought that this is even a separate area in philosophy. In authors’ opinion, ecological and economic development, after all, is a process that is focused on achieving the goals of sustainable development in the short and long term, through effective and interconnected management of human resources, the environment, using the methods of circular economy, adjusting the trajectory of economic development in the direction of greening.
The mechanism of state regulation of ecological and economic development of the country is proposed, which combines intensive and extensive ways of branch development taking into account ecological motivational goals, conceptual platforms, regulatory measures, mechanisms of state support taking into account market changes.
The model of ecological and economic development and the strategy of optimization of the state regulation system are substantiated and offered, which includes such subsystems as macro-, meso- and microsystems and which, in turn, represent the structure and functionality of the agrarian system, which allows taking into account ecological and economic essences systems in interaction with natural-technogenic.
Analysis of the coefficient of income elasticity per capita showed that it tends to increase with an increase in GRP per capita. This means that in regions with higher gross regional output, further economic growth leads to faster revenue growth and vice versa. That is, depressed regions have limited opportunities to improve the quality of life, even in conditions of rapid economic growth.
Many factors have been identified that are indicators of ecological and economic development of the state. The model of the integrated indicator of development of national economy taking into account ecological aspect is developed. Each indicator has its own units of measurement, dimension, range of permissible values and direction of optimization. Therefore, in order to make multi-criteria comparisons, it is necessary to bring the results of calculations to a generalized form, by appropriate convolutions of the additive-multiplicative type. To do this, the procedure of their rationing is performed.
The ways of effective development of the national economy on the basis of the scenario approach are determined. One of the priorities of state regulation should be the fight against total poverty. It is noted that Ukraine has significant reserves for GDP growth through the implementation of a resource efficiency strategy. In particular, a positive effect can be achieved through restructuring and reorientation to more efficient activities. The needs of the domestic market, in this case, can be offset by appropriate imports.
