Popov I. Monitoring of environment by using radiations from existing ground and space-based radio systems

The purpose of the work is to solve problems of remote diagnostics of the state of the sea surface, the Earth's troposphere and detection of formations and objects of natural and anthropogenic origin using radiation from television, radio and artificial satellites. The research is the processes of propagation of radio waves in the Earth's atmosphere and the scattering of natural and anthropogenic inhomogeneities. Research methods: Theoretical methods of statistical radiophysics, remote sensing of atmospheric processes, radio engineering, mathematical statistics, theory of statistical solutions and experimental methods of studying the peculiarities of the propagation of radio waves in the atmosphere.Novelty: Methods for estimating the refractive properties of the troposphere by the amplitude of VHF signals over the horizon, estimating the detection range and RCS of air objects for active-passive sounding systems, application of signals of global satellite navigation systems for diagnostics of a condition of a sea surface. Theoretically estimated and experimentally established that the EPR of aircraft in the HF range in the resonant region on vertical and horizontal polarizations can reach thousands of square meters. A method for the synthesis of non-equidistant sparse antenna arrays based on the properties of magic squares, which provide a fairly small level of side petals at a high degree of rarefaction, has been developed.The possibility of using the matrix of correlation of the spectral components to elucidate interspectral correlations in signals scattered by the sea surface, hydrometeors, objects, as well as in the signals of HF and VHF radio stations is shown. Degree of implementation: The results of the work can be used in the preparation and conduct of educational lectures in higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, which investigates the scientific direction of environmental monitoring using radiation of existing ground and space-based radio systems. Scope: the constructed algorithms for solving the researched dissertation problems can be used to diagnose the refractive properties of the troposphere, the state of the underlying surface, the detection of air objects in active - passive sounding systems, the design of large antenna arrays.