This study is devoted to improvement and optimization of diagnostics of epithelial
tumors of ovaries (EOT) by definition and analysis of differential morphological criteria
on the basis of studying of features of histologic structure and immunohistochemical
(IHC) expression of markers of biological properties of fabrics. The following groups of
markers were used, namely, markers of regulation of cell cycle processes (Ki-67, p53),
intermediate filaments (cytokeratins - CK7, CK20, vimentin), steroid hormones (ER,
PGR), transcription regulators (WT-1) and mucins (CA125, EMA).
It is the ability to identify such specific histological patterns as macro- and
micropapillae, glandular, glandular-cystic and cystic structures, solid and cribrous
complexes, in all EOT (from 30 % to 70 % of the relative area of the tumor tissue) leads
to the first difficulties during verification of the correct diagnosis, which is the basis for
additional analysis of histological structure. According to the results of our study,
statistically confirmed diagnostic value for serous, mucinous and serous-mucinous
variants of benign, borderline and malignant epithelial tumors of the ovaries (BEOT,
BdEOT and MEOT, respectively) (all p <0,05). Thus, in the group of BEOT and BdEOT
papillary structures dominated, occupying about 85 % of tumor tissue, while in the group
of SEOT - was more focal in nature, occupying only up to 30 % of TT. In the
characteristics of endometrioid BEOT and BdEOT such a diagnostic feature was the
structure of the tumor, which included mostly glandular structures (up to 90 % of TT,
p<0,05). In the group of MEOT, regardless of the histological variant of neoplasia, the
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percentage of solid, cribrous patterns prevailed, which in low-grade carcinomas (highgrade)
occupied up to 80 % of TT. Diagnostically significant morphological features of
clear cell tumors, regardless of their level of malignancy, include a significant percentage
of cystic-glandular and cystic structures in the structure of one tumor (about half of TT),
which were observed in all cases (n = 7). The histological structure of most Brenner's
tumors (83,33 %, n = 5) consisted of individual cell complexes and only in one case of
benign and malignant variants had cystic transformation of these complexes, which did
not show statistically confirmed diagnostic value (p> 0,05).
The index of proliferation (IP) of epithelial cells of ovarian tumors was determined
in each of these groups. Statistical significance of differences was recorded between
groups of benign and borderline tumors with moderate and high proliferative activity
(p<0,05), in the direction of increasing IP among BdEOT. Also, a statistically confirmed
difference was found between highly differentiated ovarian carcinomas high-grade
carcinoma and low-grade carcinoma (p<0,05), with a tendency to increase the IP with a
decrease in the degree of differentiation. However, when comparing BdEOT and MEOT,
the difference was leveled (p<0,05), which indicates the inexpediency of using this
parameter for differential diagnosis between these groups of EOT.
