It is demonstrated that imperfect management of ICT life cycles leads to negative phenomena - social and economic stratification (digital divide) as a result of heterogeneous implementation; loss of user subjectivity as a result of partial virtualization of life processes; the paradox of ICT productivity (mismatch between the efficiency of technology implementation and invested resources), as a result of the technology implementation regardless of the physical processes and business processes of the enterprise.
The thesis compares the life cycle models, points to the universality of this concept, which was borrowed from the biological sciences, but this concept adequately describes the development of non-biological objects, as the formation of technology is accompanied by evolutionary processes of selection, competition, diversity, adaptation, mutation, extinction.
The generalized scheme of the technology life cycle management is proposed, which provides an analysis of the compliance of the service as a form of the technology implementation, and the need that evolves over time. The functionality of the control model is defined as additive convolution of partial derivatives of the vector function, which describes the state of the digital service, by the components of the vector function, which characterizes the need. As a target control function, it is proposed to use the time constancy of the specified functionality.
The decision-making model for ICT life cycle management based on the empirical Gartner Hype Cycle model has been developed, taking into account the processes of entropy-information exchange in ICT, on the basis of which practical recommendations for reducing uncertainty in ICT implementation are proposed.
The paper develops a mathematical model of the technological gap between two objects of ICT implementation based on the nonlinear differential equation of evolution of a system operating in conditions of limited resources, which allows to formalize the technological gap between such objects under conditions of heterogeneous innovation flows. The evolution of the technological gap under the influence of the flow of innovation in the form of two models: Poisson flow of events with independent positive increments distributed according to the normal law (linear model); with an exponentially increasing coefficient of influence (exponential model). The functional dependence of the change in time on the magnitude of the technological gap was defined on the parameters of the flow of innovations (intensity of implementation and the magnitude of innovation potential) and on the internal characteristics of the system as the ability to perceive the innovative impact.
The influence of life cycle reduction on the depreciation of practical knowledge and skills has been studied. A model of a dynamic system is developed, which describes the ratio of the rates of knowledge accumulation and technological progress, the nature of stationary points in the phase space is determined, the presence of two conditional regions of the phase space is demonstrated. Based on the analysis of the nature of knowledge accumulation behavior and technology development, the content of the scientific category "knowledge inflation process" is determined, which means a constant increase in the general level of information / knowledge about new technologies /means of production. Thus, the previously obtained amount of knowledge over time loses its value due to the reduction of relevance to the changed technological environment.
The mathematical model of the process of inflation of practical knowledge in the field of ICT has been developed, which takes into account the relationship between the pace of technology development and knowledge accumulation as a nonlinear process and allows to formalize the inflation of knowledge in terms of shortening the ICT life cycle. The paper offers practical recommendations for increasing the updating of knowledge and skills in the rapid emergence of new technologies.
The actual technological gap between Ukraine as an object of ICT implementation and EU countries is determined. The possibility of adequate describing the dynamics of lagging on the basis of the main provisions of the developed model of the technological gap is demonstrated.
In the thesis the method of increasing the efficiency of a technology life cycle management is developed on the basis of definition of the components of a technological gap. It is determined that the application of the method allows to reduce the digital gap by 10% in relation to the predicted values. In addition, a model and prototype of software for improving the efficiency of ICT lifecycle management was developed. The prototype of an information system for decision making support to improve the efficiency of ICT lifecycle management was created based on the developed method of improving the efficiency of ICT lifecycle management.
