Degtiarova A. Selection and optimization of reliable structure information control systems in transport

The dissertation is devoted to the actual scientific and technical problem of choice and optimization of reliable structure of information control systems in transport, with aim to increase the work efficiency of information control systems of fire alarm systems. The solution of the set tasks is offered with use of probabilistic and statistical methods of decision-making in special flight situations. The analysis of the existing alarm information control systems are conducted and the main shortcomings are defined. Based on statistical analysis, it has been determined that the most dangerous types of fires are fires inside aircraft engines and titanium fires. The statistical share of fires among other aviation events is characterized by a significant value (to 12%), unfortunately, this share has stable character. It is shown that the aircraft fire alarm system is critical in terms of fault tolerance, reliability, flight safety and efficiency. Even the erroneous failure of fire alarm systems involves a change of flight plan and shutdown of the running engine, which causes loss of traction. Therefore, aircraft fires can be classified as complex events that can lead to accidents and catastrophes. Information-mathematical models of information reliability increasing by means of parallel information redundancy of information-control systems are developed and it is shown that the method of parallel information redundancy significantly reduces the probability of non-detection of the situation and has little effect on reducing the probability of false alarm. To simultaneously reduce the probabilities of nondetection and false alarm, it is proposed to apply the principles of majority logic. Mathematical processing and schemes for selecting the components of the solution are carried out using the curriculum. Thus, for each combination of the number of sensors and the majority number, the choice of the component probabilities of correct detection, non-detection and false alarm is made. A logical-mathematical model of aircraft engine fire detection on aircraft, algorithm and program for selection and optimization of localization structures and recognition of dangerous flight situations have been developed. Developed algorithm and programs for analysis, selection and optimization of fire alarm system structures and similar information and control systems in transport, create an information base for solving similar problems at all stages of the life cycle of new equipment. The main criterion for optimization is to maximize the probability of correct detection and minimize the probability of false alarms and non-detection. The program and algorithm for selecting the optimal structure of reliable information and control systems, taking into account the real reliable characteristics of sensors of information and control alarm systems have been developed. The analysis of information structures of fire alarm systems allows to reasonably approach the formation of the overall structure of the system that meets the requirements of technical documentation for operation, and to determine the optimal principles of distribution of information flows between automation and crew.