The dissertation paper for candidate’s degree in the speciality 09.00.11 – religious studies. – The National University of Ostrog Academy, Ostrog, 2021.
The dissertation paper is devoted to explication of the formation peculiarities of religious and anthropological principles of soul conceptualization through the professional-academic reflection prism of the Kyiv philosophical school representatives of the end of the XIX-first half of the XX century.
The religious-anthropological, psychological and philosophical aspects of the soul are defined as an organic integrity of human mental life in the context of “spiritual-material”, “Mental-physiological”, “mental-physical”.
An analytical review of P. Yurkevich, G. Chelpanov, V. Zenkovsky, V Voino-Yasenetskyi works testified to the understanding of the phenomenon of the soul in the context of the cordocentric tradition of domestic philosophical studies. The paper establishes that the domestic academic “doctrine of the soul” connects the spiritual growth of a person with the achievement of purity of heart on the basis of spiritual and moral practices of Christian doctrine are established.
The achievements of modern domestic scientists are characterized, in the context of which the reflexive field of the soul is explained in its relation to such concepts as “spirit”, “spirituality”, “consciousness”, “heart”, “body” (S. Krymsky, O. Mareeva, V. Nesterenko, V. Pivoev, S. Proleev, V. Skotny, etc.).The paper substantiaties that the modern philosophical thought testifies to the positive dynamics of returning to scientific discourse the concept of the human soul as a fundamental basis of all psychophysiological activity despite the long substitution of the concept of “spirituality” by such terminological constructs as “psyche”, “consciousness” and “self-esteem”.
A retrospective analysis of the phenomenon of the soul in classical, nonclassical and post-classical philosophizing is done. Analysis of the peculiarities of the soul phenomenon in the problematic field of historical and philosophical tradition showed the dependence of philosophical and religious interpretations of the problem from the worldview priorities of the cultural and historical epoch (Antiquity, Middle Ages, Renaissance, New Age).
The influence of the Holy Father's tradition on Ukrainian philosophical thought and ways of solving religious and anthropological problems are defined, in particular, determining the role of such phenomena as spirit, soul, spirituality in the integral unity of the human personality. The paper highlightes that the modification of the soul in the philosophical culture of Ukraine actualizes the issue of the soul in the domestic philosophical tradition, associated primarily with the spread of Christianity and the reception of the religious heritage of Eastern Christian teachings in the context of higher spiritual and moral ideals.
The metaphysical unity of psychological knowledge with the philosophical and religious doctrine of V. Zenkovsky anthropogenesis is substantiated, which imposes a new understanding of hierarchy by introducing into philosophy the concept of “jumps” between the ontological boundaries of existence. The interaction of spirit, soul and body in the discourse of V. Voino-Yasenetskyi philosophizing is highlighted, where spirit appears as a substantial environment that fills the body with spiritual energy, transforming it into a kind of microcosm of intimate relationship of individual with world and soul as vital center of body, existential principle, which individualizes a person in society.
Ideas on the conceptual contribution of academic philosophers to the national religious and philosophical tradition and its socio-cultural context were further developed. The paper presents that the professional-academic “doctrine of the soul” connects the spiritual growth of a person with the achievement of purity of heart on the basis of spiritual and moral practices of the Christian worldview.
The dissertation has a conceptual significance for deepening the religious and philosophical comprehension of the peculiarities of the conceptualization of the phenomenon of the soul in the professional and academic views of Ukraine of the end of the XIX – first half of the XX century. in the problematic plane of their relationship with the basic principles of Christian anthropology.
Key words: soul, spirit, heart, body, man, professional-academic philosophy, Kyiv philosophical school, Christian anthropology, faith, cordocentrism.
