Established that in the winter wheat biological fertilizer system is accompanied by an increase in the species diversity of soil microbiota due to Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and the use of ecological system Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. But the eubacterial complex of soybeans is represented by the following fillets: Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes. In sugar beet by biological system increased species diversity microbiota soil through phil: Alcaligenaceae, Gaiellaceae, Solirubrobacteraceae, Streptomycetaceae, Solimonadaceae, Syntrophobacteraceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Nocardioidaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae. But in maize crops
with the use of ecological and biological fertilizer systems contributed to the growth of Gaiellales, Actinomycetales, Solirubrobacterales, Xanthomonadales, Myxococcales, Rhizobiales, Bacillales, Sphingomonadales and Gemmatimonadetes. The highest number of microorganisms using organic nitrogen was observed in ecological and biological fertilizer systems, but the use of mineral fertilizers significantly enhanced the development of microorganisms using nitrogen mineral compounds. It was also found that more pedotrophic microorganisms were with
a sufficient amount of organic fertilizers, i. e. with the use of ecological and biological fertilizer options. But the number of oligotrophs was higher than the industrial fertilizer system. Also, with the use of ecological and biological fertilizer systems, the number of microscopic fungi was maximum compared to the industrial system. In the biological system of fertilizers, the indicators of the coefficient of mineralization-immobilization of nitrogen were the lowest, which indicates a balance of the processes of mineralization and immobilization. But the increase
in the coefficient of pedotrophic indicates an increase in the intensity of decomposition of soil organic matter, in particular humic compounds was in the industrial fertilizer system. Also, the indicators of the coefficient of oligotrophic nature of ecological and biological fertilizer systems indicate a good supply of soil microbiota. It is established that in the absence of organic fertilizer the processes of decomposition of organic residues and synthesis of humic compounds are more intense, which shows the activity of redox enzymes. Consequently, the protease
activity of the soil during the growing season increases, and the activity of catalase decreases, which is clearly visible in the second half of the growing season of the crops under study. But the biological system of fertilizers creates optimal conditions for microbiological and enzymatic processes. The biological fertilizer system has the highest indicators of economic efficiency of crop rotation.
