Smolych D. Estimation of slopes and roughness of roads and airfields pavements

The dissertation is devoted to development of new methods for estimation of roads and airfields pavements slopes and roughness on the basis of the information received from MEMS-sensors and construction measuring devices on their basis. The spectral method of estimating road and airfield pavements slopes and roughness on the basis of the surface profile evaluated by a two-stage iterative method has been further developed. Using the simulation model, the accuracy of investigated surface profile reproduction was studied on the basis of the firstly developed mathematical model as initial data on the investigated pavement surface profile. For the first time an indicative method for slope diagnosis was developed, the essence of which is to implement the algorithm of tolerance control and to allow making a decision on the diagnostic parameter: "normal" or "not normal". The assessment of the diagnosis reliability was performed. The method of measurements on the basis of the developed spectral method of estimation roads and airfields pavements slopes and roughness is introduced. On the basis of experimental researches for complexing information from MEMSsensors algorithms, it is established that the Kalman filter appeared as optimum on criterion of a spatial orientation angle measurement accuracy. Recommendations for improving measurement accuracy have been developed. A model of an automatic mobile device for measuring road and airfield surfaces slopes and roughness was developed and built, experimental measurements were performed on the newly built Kharkiv airport runway. Prospects for improving the design of the measuring platform are considered, the project of the measuring platform with the increased measurement accuracy, capability of automatic movement and ground control station use, by means of which there is a possibility of remote data processing, is developed. Given the design features, the measurement platform does not have the capability to measure the entire frequency range of the pavement profile roughness, so a device that is based on laser triangulation was developed, allowing measuring contact irregularities of road and airfield surfaces in the higher frequency range. Also a comprehensive device for measuring the slopes, and surface roughness is introduced.