Novakovska V. Increase of heat resistance and water resistance of bitumen binder for surface treatment by modification of emulsions aqueous cationic latex.

The thesis theoretically substantiates and experimental studies confirm the possibility of forming the structure of residual bituminous binder, which provides it with elasticity, increased water resistance, heat resistance and retention capacity of aggregate in a protective layer arranged by surface treatment technology. Іt is experimentally established that the surface properties of aqueous phases and cationic bitumen emulsions based on them have similar values, so the rationale for the choice of emulsifiers for preparing emulsions with a certain breaking rate is recommended based on the results of determining the surface properties of aqueous phases. It was found that with increasing work of the adhesion forces of the bitumen emulsion, there is an increase in the value of the adhesivity of the residual bituminous binder to the surface of the aggregate and glass plates. Studies have shown that the introduction of aqueous cationic latex in the composition of cationic bitumen emulsions made from road petroleum oxidized bitumens, has virtually no effect on their physical and mechanical properties, but significantly affects the heat resistance and elasticity of their bituminous compounds. As the concentration of aqueous cationic latex in the composition of bitumen emulsions increases, the adhesion of bitumen binder films formed after the breaking of emulsions with the surface of aggregate and glass plates increases. It has been experimentally established that bituminous binders formed by the breaking of cationic latex-modified bitumen emulsions are characterized by a higher retention capacity in the low temperature range compared to bituminous binders formed by the breaking of bitumen emulsions without latex. It has been found that bituminous binders formed due to the breaking of modified emulsions have a lower sensitivity of the retention capacity to the effects of cyclic freezing-thawing, compared to bituminous binders formed due to the breaking of bituminous emulsions. It is shown that the temperature sensitivity of the elasticity index, as well as the index of the retention capacity of aggregate by bituminous binder formed by the breaking of bitumen emulsion with 6 % latex, is the lowest compared to bituminous binders formed by breaking of bitumen emulsions of 4,5 %, 3 % and 1,5 % latex by weight of bitumen. Key words: bitumen emulsion, water resistance, residual bitumen binder, latex, surface tension, elasticity, softening point, surface treatment, retention capacity.