The dissertation is devoted to the solution of topical issues of reducing energy costs and increase the efficiency of the removal of long-term root crops.
According to the results of theoretical and experimental studies, the expediency of mechanized collection of long-term root crops is substantiated in a separate way, especially during the period of frozen, with the use of a developed new working body, in order to reduce energy consumption on the process of digging.
Based on the synthesis of research results, a choice of structural scheme of the working body is substantiated for the removal of long-term root crops up to 35 cm in length and tested to determine the optimal parameters and operating modes.
In the dissertation, a mathematical model of the process of digging long-term root crops, which describes the dependence of the torque of Мкр(t)from the section of the cross section at the time of the interaction of the deblocked drive with a layer of soil (m 2), the specific force of soil deformation (Н˖ m -2), the shoulder of the equivalent focused the soil reaction acting on the soil (m), with a power required for a deblocked drive.
It has been established that with the turn of the tooth from the vertical grows the power consumption, which is explained by an increase in the value of penetration of the tooth into the soil and, accordingly, the volume of soil, which interacts its surface. Reducing power at the end before the release of the tooth from the working area is due to a decrease in the shoulder of the soil reaction to the tooth. With an increase in angular velocity with з 20 rad ∙ s-1 to 60 rad ∙ s-1 capacity on the discharge drive increases from 600 to 700 W. Before the release of the tooth from the soil, the power decreases, which is due to a decrease in the shoulder of the soil reaction force on the tooth.
Experimental studies confirmed the theoretical substantiation of the main structural and technological parameters of the working body, namely: the radius of the deblocked drive R=0,35 m, the translational speed V=0,9m / s and the angular velocity ω = 40 рад ˖ с-1, qualitative implementation of the technological process and the scientific and technical preconditions received for the development of digging workers with minimal-sufficient energy costs.
The method of determination of energy indicators and laboratory tests of a new working body, which allowed to calculate the dependence of the drive power from the translational speed of the technical means V=0,7…1,1 m / s and the rotational speed of the deblocked working organ ω = 20…60 rad ∙ s-1 c
The effectiveness of the developed drive module for the removal of long-term root crops is confirmed by tests in production conditions Farm "Star Steppe" and Farm "Dawn" economic effect by reducing fuel consumption is about 43 UAH / ha.
According to the results of research and research and development work, technical documentation was manufactured on a variable module with a two-tier type (first tier - a toothed deblocked drive, and the second one - a substitute share) to dig a root crops that are transferred to the introduction into production in LLC "A3TECH-Ukraine".
