The dissertation provides a theoretical generalization and a new solution to the current scientific problem, which is to substantiate forensic diagnostic criteria for determining time since death in the early postmortem period, by using a nomogram method on the basis of the study of informative indicators of structural and biochemical state of muscle tissue in time intervals from 3–13 hours after death.
In order to achieve this goal, 1728 samples of different types of muscle tissue were removed from 36 cadavers of different ages and genders who died nonviolent deaths. In total, two samples of each of these muscles were selected during the autopsy in each time interval of the early postmortem period: for further biochemical (one sample) and morphological (one sample) studies. After autopsy, the body was sutured and left in the autopsy room. Removal of the material at different time intervals was carried out at regular intervals (every 2 hours after the autopsy), by repeated removal of the organ complex from the cadaver's body (within 13 hours after death). Thus, a total of 6 extractions of morphological material were performed on each corpse within 13 hours after death (during autopsy, which is 3 hours after death and then every 2 hours, that is after 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 hours after death). Thus 1728 samples in equal quantities for morphological and biochemical studies were taken from 36 cadavers. The same topography was observed during the extraction of the material: the lower part of the esophagus, the myocardium of the interventricular septum, the costal part of the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles.
Based on the comprehensive studies, a systematic comparative study of the diagnostic value of the morphological and biochemical changes of various types of muscle tissue in the early post-mortem period was carried out. In particular, for the first time, in a comparative aspect,
For the first time, the diagnostic value of postmortal changes in cytophotometric (optical density of nuclei and sarkoplasms of myocytes) and biochemical (concentration in muscles of glycogen, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholinesterase) of the criteria for assessing the state of various muscle species in the time interval 3–13 hours after death.
The series of nomograms is substantiated to determine the time since death, based on informative indicators of the structural-biochemical muscular state. The criteria algorithm for the application of the nomogram method, was created, in order to improve the forensic medical diagnosis of the of time since death in the time interval of 3–13 hours after the occurrence of death.
