Kryshtal V. Evolutionary technologies of support decision making in the acquisition of rescue equipment

In the dissertation the actual scientific task of development of models, methods and tools of acquisition of emergency rescue equipment on the basis of an evolutionary paradigm is solved. The search model for an optimum variant of a complete set of emergency rescue equipment in which, retrospective data on frequency and efficiency of application of complete elements is developed; the method of completing emergency rescue equipment on the basis of fuzzy expert opinions has been improved; evolutionary methods for determining the optimal variant of completing rescue equipment based on the principle of dominance and application of the penalty function have been improved. It is established that the acquisition of rescue equipment can be attributed to the problems of multicriteria optimization, which are solved in the conditions of financial and resource deficit. The main consequences of its solution are: - ensuring the effective and complete implementation of a set of emergency rescue operations in a limited area, which is to ensure the safety of people, eliminate the consequences of accidents and minimize material damage; - ensuring acceptable layout solutions, as the list of equipment for emergency rescue work is quite large and a significant number of elements are interchangeable. The ideas, principles, models, methods and tools that are used or could be used to form the optimal sets of rescue equipment are analyzed. It is shown that this problem has much in common with the known problems of packaging in containers, the problem of the backpack and others. The main difference is that the task of completing rescue equipment is difficult to formalize and poorly structured, it has both quantitative and qualitative indicators and criteria, as well as restrictions on the overall dimensions of both the carrier and equipment elements. Since it is impossible to guarantee the existence of an optimal (acceptable) solution to the problem of completing emergency equipment, the use of penalty functions is proposed and their structural and parametric identification is carried out. The use of such functions allows you to some deterioration of the objective function and offer a variant of rescue equipment, which may not be the best solution to our problem, but satisfies the limitations. It is proposed to determine the priority of equipment elements of a certain class using the analytic hierarchy process based on the prioritization of criteria and procedures for determining the competence of experts. Since the task of acquisition is multi-criteria, it is proposed to include the criterion of relevance in the criteria for determining the optimal set. Models of equipment relevance indicators are constructed, as well as the relevance factor of the equipment element is determined and a model is developed to determine the relevance factor of the set of emergency rescue equipment for a certain emergency situation. It is proposed to calculate the total urgency of the equipment set for all emergencies as the average value of the urgency of the kit for each emergency, provided they are equivalent, or as a weighted value otherwise. Numerical modeling based on the developed algorithm allowed to draw conclusions about the relevance and, consequently, the priority of equipment elements, as well as to assess the degree of provision of emergency rescue units with emergency rescue equipment in various emergencies. The main provisions obtained in the dissertation are aimed at further development of technologies for optimizing the processes of emergency response. The developed models and methods form the methodological basis of decision-making processes for the acquisition of rescue equipment.