Fusar I. Increase of exactness of navigator by development of general method of estimation of coordinates of ship

In basic part of dissertation research the analysis of possibilities of application of orthogonal decomposition of closeness of distributing of errors of the navigation measuring is conducted by the Ermits polynomials. Resulted properties of the Ermits polynomials for the rationed closeness of distributing of Gauss and it is led to that properties of Ermit polynomials are just for the unrationed closeness of normal distribution. Proof of expressions is conducted for the Ermits polynomials and coefficients of decomposition for the rationed and unrationed closeness of normal law. Orthogonal decompositions of closeness are got in an obvious kind on the base of the rationed and unrationed normal law. The analysis of orthogonal decomposition of closeness of the mixed laws of two types and generalized distributing of Puasson is also conducted in work. Orthogonal decomposition of closeness of the mixed laws of the first and second type, and also generalized distributing of Puasson is considered. Got expressions of their rationed closeness and central moments of higher orders. The method of application of orthogonal decomposition is developed for the calculation of coordinates of ship at presence of the surplus measuring. Expected efficiency of orthogonal decompositions and it is exposed that exactness of description by orthogonal decomposition of initial closeness goes down with the increase of number of members of decomposition. In work the results of statistical data analysis are resulted on the errors of measuring of navigation parameters and the shown correctness of application of orthogonal decomposition as closeness of distributing. Also represented results of imitation design of loss of exactness of coordinates in the case of their calculation by a least-squares method. Influencing of method of calculation of coordinates of ship is shown at the surplus measuring on their exactness. It is specified, that is achieved maximal efficiency of coordinates of ship by application for their calculation by the method of maximal plausibility. The statistical data, got in the model supervisions during the voyage of ship, which is represented by eight selections of errors of the navigation measuring, analysis is conducted. The results of imitation design of loss of exactness of coordinates are represented at presence of the surplus measuring. Keywords: safety of navigation, surplus navigation measuring, orthogonal decomposition of closeness, loss of exactness of coordinates.