Dissertation deals with the development of new and improvement of the existing methods of radiation therapy of endometrial cancer. The materials of this study are based on the retro- and prospective observations of 1267 endometrial cancer patients. Combination radiotherapy as single treatment has been carried out in 368 uterine body cancer patients, in 158 cases intracavitary radiation has been carried out using the sources of low activity, in 169 - with pipe units. 5-year survival in dependence on the way of source place was: 89,9±3,0% in the treatment with sources like chains; 87,7±5,8% in the treatment with sources like beads; 63,3±5,3% in the treatment with linear sources. The remote results of the treatment of endometrial cancer patients using pipe units were: 66,9±4,8%. As the obtained results were much more lower than the results of surgical treatment (83,2±3,5%) and the treatment with sources of low activity resulted in a high radiation load for a personnel the effectivity of radiotherapy shou ld be increased by the improvement of automate intracavitary component. To increase the efficiency of the treatment of endometrial cancer patients the dynamic regime of superfractionation of a dose in intracavitary component of combination radiotherapy has been elaborated. The remote results, obtained with this method were the following. a relapse-free period at the end of the 5th year of observation in comparison with a standard method has increased by 2,6 times (50,7±15,8% in comparison with 19,5±8,6%). 5-year survival in studied group was 74,2±8,0% and in absence of regional metastases -84,7±8.8%, i.e. the indices have increased by 17% in comparison with a standard method by 11-17%. Th obtained data on the treatment of endometrial cancer patients almost approximate the data obtained in the treatment using sources of low activity like beads which are the highest in our study. Optimization of the method for the treatment of the canal forms of uteine cancer with even distribution of cancerocidal doses in ir radiated target comprising paracervical area and therapeutic uterine contour. Hormonotherapy of uterine cancer patients after non-radical operations has been improved. The method of modification of radiotherapy with radiomodifiers (5-fluorouracil, hyperthermy) has been developed. Radiosensibilizing effect of 5-fluorouracil and hyperthermy has been studied iboth in experiment and clinic for the first time, their synergysm in combination with radiotherapy has been proved, it was also shown that use of the radiomodifiers results in 9-time devitalisation of tumor in comparison with controls. In clinic radiosensitizing effect of 5-fluorouracil and hyperthermy has been proved in measiring of the volume of viable tumor parenchyma in the patients who received preoperatively radiotherapy on the background of radiomodifiers. The remote results of the treatment of uterine body cancer patients with radiomodifiers were 79,6±10,5% and exceeded the results of the control groupe by 16%. Survival of endometrial cancer patiens dependently on the kind of source of irradiation. 5-year survival in use of 60Co was 69,33±3,0%, in in the treatment with source of irradiation 137Cs - 76,3±8,6% and in use of sources 252Cf -100%
