The objective of the research: the phenomenon of aerobic sporeforming bacteria cell aggregation. The purpose of the research: to establish the phenomenon regularity of different kinds of Bacillus sporeforming bacteria cell aggregation and to identify its role in the microorganisms ontogenesis. Methods of the research: phase-contrastive microscopy, electronic microscopy, biochemical, electrophoresis, X-ray srectral microanalysis, microcultivation, statistic. The theoretical and practical results: the scintific thetisis is of very important significance since new regularities of sporeforming microorganisms have been determined? The peculierities of bacterial population intracellular interactivities have been demonstrated, changes of microorganisms properties at their development different strages have been investigated, the methodical ways for the investigation of different factors influence on bacterial cell differentiation processes have been worked out. The established regulatorities of sporeformingbacteria development are important in their use in microbiological industry for diagnostic, curative and profylactic preparetions manufacturing as well as biologycal active substances and spore forms microorganisms biomass. The suggested methods of bacteria microcultivation can be used for their biological properties study and the mechanisms of antimicrobial substances research. The received results can be used in search and manufacturing of preparations-regulatorrs of cells differentiation and division? Which are very important in different medical filds. The novelty. It has been established for the first time that during the process of different kinds of Bacillus sporeforming bacteria periodical culture development the vegetative cells after the exponential phase development completion unite in polycellular aggregates. The process of aggregates formation at first was characterized by intracellular interactivity power increase, approaching the maximum and then by its decrease and total disappearance. The celldifferentiation from vegetative forms to the spores took place in the aggregates and after the total spores maturation the cells disaggregation was going on. So, it has been proved that under the optimal conditions the cycle of investigated microorganisms deeplaid culture development is accompanied by cells aggregation is completed not by lysis and population death but, v.v., by 100 % sporeforming. The vegetative cells aggregation has been identified to result from close contact of their lateral surfaces with the next fusion of cellular wals surface layers. After cells aggrigates sporeforming and lysis of sporangia parasporal parts completion the previous links between bacteria were lost and the aggregates break up begun. At the primerystages of aggrigation the cells are capable to synthesize specific soluble biopolymers and exactly at this phase of its development the culture induces the other vegetative cells ontogenesis. The revealed biopolymers have the glycoproteid nature with 41.0 and 33.5 kD molecularmass (MM). During the aggregationformation the bacterial cells form the specific for this development phase proteins of cellular walls surface layers (70.0-72.0 kD MM) which, probably, fulfill the function of the aggregating proteins. The data about changes of chemical elements content at different phases of microbial cell development have been received at first. It has been established that amount of potassium, sodium, calcium, chlorine, phosphorus, sulphur and oxygen in the cells changes greatly at different phases of periodical culture development. The germinating spores loose most of their elements while the vegetative forms of bacteria during the aggregation accumulate potassium, chlorine, pphosphorus and sulphur, and it leads to the increase of synthetic processes in the cells. So, the profound investigation of the suggested cells aggregations phenomenon has demonstrated it to be the regular process which is of a great significance in the development and differentiation of microbial population cells.Themicrobiological model which allows to investigate the separate bacterial cells ontogenesis by constant watching them, to influence them by regulating factors of different origin, to change the stages of cells development a definite direction and, in such a way, to invastigate the mechanisms of differentiation and intercellular interactivity has also been elaborated. The degree of introduction: the results of the carried out research are introduced into scientific, practical and educational work in the form of the instruction, methodical recommendations and illustrative materials. Sphere of application: medicine, biotechnology.
