Kaplin O. The Slavophile idea of the historical development of Russia

The object of study - is Russian social thought of the XIXth century. The aim of the research is to demonstrate the origins, formation and essence of so-called slavophilism, which developed an original idea of the historical development of Russia. Methods - analysis, synthesis, historical, logical, narrative, genetic and chronological ones. The dissertation is the first comprehensive research into slavophilism as a phenomenon of religious secular Russian social thought of the XIXth century. It introduces the term "Slavophile idea of the historical development of Russia" and provides an in-depth analysis of life and works of the most prominent Slavophiles. Slavophilism, as a current in Russian social life, originated not in the late 1830-es and not as a result of disputes over the uniqueness of Russia, but in the first half of 1840-es as a consequence of theological disputes, and only in such context - as a result of disputes over Russia's vocation. A.S. Khomiakov and his adherents were called "Slavophiles" by their opponents who used the already existing term which did not correspond to the essence of Slavophiles' ethos. It is necessary to consider slavophilism in the context of Russian self-awareness as a whole: both ecclesiastic and secular one. Slavophiles realized the need to overcome the split between Russian life and self-awareness and appealed to Russian educated society to return to the path of ancient Rus. Sphere of using - history of Russian.