Yarmoluk S. Design of fluorescent probes on the base of cyanine dyes for nucleic acids and proteins

Cyanine dyes as fluorescent probes for biopolymers. Design of fluorescent probes on the base of cyanine dyes for nucleic acids (NA) and proteins. Organic synthesis, electronic spectroscopy of absorption and radiation, quantum-chemical computations, gel-electrophoresis, HPLC. The half-intercalation model of interaction of monomethines with dsDNA was proposed, according to which heterocycle with the lower electron-donor ability intercalates between base pairs when heterocycle with the higher electron-donor ability is fixed in DNA minor groove. The proposed approach of affinity modifying groups permits to design novel fluorescent probes on the base on known fluorescent dyes. Series of homodimer and homotrimer monomethinecyanines was firstly synthesized and studied in the presence of NA and proteins. Trimethinecyanines with alkyl substituents in polymethine chain were shown as efficient fluorescent probes for NA detection in solution and agarose gels. Aggregation of polymethinecyaines in aqueous solutionsand in presence of biopolymers were studied. Approach of fluorescent labeling based on the reaction of pyrilocyanines with amines was introduced. The approach of lead dye was developed for the using in the designing of fluorescent probes. Sphere of the use - bioorganic chemistry, molecular biology.