Sutkovoy D. Oxidative-antioxidant status of brain under ionizing radiation and its correction

Dissertation is devoted to the study of damage mechanisms of peroxidative-oxidative and oxidative-phosphorilative homeostasis in mammal brain and whole organism, morphological changes in CNS under internal and external radiation and also to the statement of corrective measures of found dysfunctionon and pathological structure of CNS on the basis of data obtained. It was found that ionizing radiation in small and sublethal doses (0,5-4 Gy) leads to free radical activation and mammal blood and brain antioxidant activity inhibition. Daily 600 Bq internal (radionuclide) radiation causes much more free radical activation antioxidant activity inhibition than external (X-ray). Rats in conditions of increased radiation background of Chornobyl zone in 1990-1991 during 3, 12 and 24 months (counted absorbed radiation doses comprise correspondently 4, 34 and 66 mGy) had an activation of free radical processes and antioxidant activity inhibition. Activation of lipid peroxidation in brain of radiation-exposed ratsgoes with distrothic and destructive changes of neurons, damage of microvascular blood circulation and mitochondrial destruction. Ionizing radiation causes distinct energy generative inhibition as oxidative phosphorilation in brain tissue. Comparison of data obtained under total and local (head) radiation-exposure of rats proves that radiation damage of CNS is due to direct radioactive effect on brain. It was found that rats with high locomotor activity were more sensitive to radiation. Correction of pro-antioxidant homeostasis was made by antioxidant dimethylsulfoxide (50 mg/kg i/p), carnosine (10 mg/kg i/m), hypoxic training, pumpkin semen extract. Method of adjuvant and non-pharmacological hypoxi therapeutic correction of postradiation changes of oxidative antioxidant status of patients with postradiation encephalopathy was developed and implemented into clinical practice.