Shklyar S. Pathogenetic and clinic aspects of associated diseases of bronchopulmonary and digestive systems in young age.

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Science (DSc)

State registration number

0508U000391

Applicant for

Specialization

  • 14.01.02 - Внутрішні хвороби

23-05-2008

Specialized Academic Board

Д 64.600.04

Essay

Object of the research: chronic diseases of the lungs, combined with chronic diseases of gastrointestinal tract in persons of young age. Purpose of the research: to elaborate a pathogenetically substantiated system of clinical monitoring and early diagnostics of clinical versions of combined pathology of digestive and respiratory systems and determine ways of increase of efficiency of medical-preventive measures on the base of study of immunometabolic continuum in persons of young age. Methods of research: clinical-population, clinical-anamnestic, clinical-functional: biochemical, biophysical, immunological, morphologic, clinical-analytic, clinical-informational, statistical methods. Practical significance of the obtained findings: The research theoretically generalizes and solves a scientific problem – joint development mechanism of associated chronicle diseases of gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmonary system in young age, role of immunemetabolic continuum in associated pathology development areidentified from the position of novel scientific approach with application of the evidence – based medicine methodology that gives opportunity to carry out differential management of curative and preventive measures using the suggested system of associated chronicle diseases clinic monitoring and early detection. For achievement of the purpose and performance of the research’s tasks the complex program is grounded, the basic stages of which are consistently executed at several levels of complexity: clinical – population – joint hazards prevalence is studied in five – year prospective research (cohort method) of persons with chronicle diseases of digestive system and bronchopulmonary system bronchopulmonary system. At clinical – functional level: in representative patients groups the clinical course is investigated concerning syndromologic, psychosomatic and morphofunctional aspects. At clinical – metabolic: in representative groups the free-radical metabolism subjected to duration, severity, form and clinicalvariants of chronicle diseases and also the immune profile of young age patients with associated chronicle diseases are studied. Scientific novelty: In the research the conception of integral pathogenic mechanisms of associated diseases has got its further development along with the significance of the patients’ metabolic individuality has been proved. Revealed clinical - metabolic variants and deduced formulas of free – radical metabolism (FRM) condition and disorders have given opportunity for substantiation of the antioxidant therapy direc-tions and for grounding of estimation algorithm of the theraрy efficiency among the patients of young age. For the first time in comorbid background advanced study the information about prognostic value of hazards common for the chronicle diseases of gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmonary system is re-ceived on the basis of that the diagnostics of the diseases in the case of their combination is improved. From the positions of organosystematic approach the interde-pendence between constitutional (somatotype, body structure), morphological (form, position) and functional (motor activity, acidification, peptic ulcer presence) stomach characteristics is studied of young age patients with associated chronicle diseases of gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmonary system. The fea-tures of psychosomatic status forming in the case of associated digestive and bronchopulmonary pathology are specified, clini-cal algorithms and system of severity estimation and differential diagnostics of the most widespread psychosomatic disorders types of young age patients suffering from associated chronicle diseases are substantiated. For the first time it is proved that the determining role in the associated pathology pathogenesis belongs not only to the condition of antioxidant defence fermentative chain but also to the level of oxidative modification of proteins, nucleic acids, cells bioenergetics and glycolysis mechanisms. Received information gives opportunity to ground classificationofmetabolic reactions, their clinical equivalents and directions of associated chronicle diseases compensation in young age. It is verified that in the case of associated chronicle diseases the immune system is characterized not by accumulative but by functionally dominant type of changes at the cellular and hu-moral levels. Revealed features of immune defence forming at isolated and combined clinical variants allow elaborating the differential diagnostics of compensative reactions and clinic-immune variants of the disorders with grounding of their correc-tion in the system of complex treatment of young age patients. The novelty is also represented by substantiated conceptual model of risks prognostics, diagnostics perfection and patho-genic correction of metabolic – related changes for young age patients with associated chronicle diseases of gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmo-nary system which is also applicable for other comorbidities clinical variants. Degree of introduction: The results of the researchare introduced at different levels of medical aid, in particular, in medical-diagnostic process of Kharkiv, Dnepropetrovsk, Poltava regional clinical hospitals, clinical department of Institute of Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, L. T. Malaya Institute of Therapy of AMS of Ukraine, as well as into educational process of the de-partments of medical and preventive profile of A. A. Bo-gomolets National Medical University, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Dnepropetrovsk State Medical Academy and Kharkiv multiprofile clinical hospital No. 17. The practical value of the research is presented by application of system approach to associated chronicle diseases diagnostics and treatment improvement for the young age patients using as a basis the diagnostic value of joint hazards and determination of integrative pathogenic mechanisms of the pathology origination and development. The risk stratification system, early (pathometric) diagnostics and prophylaxisof associated chronicle diseases of gastrointestinal tract and bron-chopulmonary system of young ages is grounded. The standardized method of individual and population evaluation of high associated chronicle diseases risk and clinical monitoring system are worked out. The results of the research make a scientific basis for priority applied scientific subject with the priority state financing « Substantiation and implementation of regional health monitoring system of children, teenagers and persons of young age in the conditions of primary health care reforms in Ukraine» which is executed within the frameworks of intersectoral regional program «Health of the nation for 2002-2011». At the level of primary medical-sanitary aid into medi-cal-diagnostic process – for using in screening researches of persons of young age, algorythms of estimation of risk for chronic diseases are worked out, the ifluence of the complex of unfavorable exo- and endogenous factors, as well as clinical-anamnestic factors is taken into account with the aim of early diagnostics of combined pathology. At the second level - for including into medical-diagnostic standards, the improved methods of clinical and instrumental checkup: a method for diagnostics of the stomach morphological type, a method for estimation of severity of motor-evacuation disorders of the stomach, a method for diagnostics and estimation of the severity of psychosomatic disorders. During individualization of medical tactics concerning use of antioxidant and immunocorrection preparations, the state of immunometabolic continuum is taken into account by indices of metabolic and immune profiles, as well as types of compensatory reactions of oxidative homeostasis. At the level of specialized aid: a clinical classification of metabolic reactions of oxidative homeostasis and immune protection is applied for diagnostics and directed correction of changed functions of these systems in persons of young age with combined pathology. Sphere of application: preventive and clinical medicine, therapy, gastroenterology, pulmonology.

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