Kalachnyuk L. Molecular aspects of exogenous regulation of metabolism in cells of microorganisms-symbionts and host animal

The dissertation is devoted to the study of peculiarities of the novel GTPase (RsgA-protein) contacts with a small subunit of ribosome in cells of Escherichia coli. RsgA-protein which was bound specifically (at a high degree of affinity) to tmRNA, doesn't influence the rate of aminoacylation by alanyl-tRNA synthetase and can take part in processes of translation and/or trans-translation. Inhibition of RsgA-protein activation by the acceptor-site specific aminoglycoside antibiotics opens new details of ribosome functions and possible mechanisms of translation processes regulation. It has been shown that microbial exocellular redox potential (Eh) and those factors which can change Eh take an important part in the maintenance of a stable state of digestive system functions. The rate of NH3 concentration change in the rumen depends on glutamate and glutamine formation and piroglutamate synthesis and is regulated by alimentary factors. Absence of phosphoketolase (key enzyme of pentose phosphate pathway) incells of some pectinolytic bacteria which utilize pectin, xylose and other substrates by metabolic pathways of Entner-Doudoroff and Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas has been determined. Activity of such key-enzymes found out in these cells as 2-keto-3-desoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase and fructosobiphosphate aldolase and stoichiometry of intermediates formation are regulated by factors of nourishment. Toxic effect of biocides is decreased significantly when there are sorbents, ionophore and a source of easily accessible energy in the diet. In exogenous regulation of intracellular metabolism, important role belongs to peculiarities of frontier glutamate dehydrogenase complex of eukaryotic and prokaryotic origin, nitrogen fixing and dehydrogenase and other biochemical reactions which take part in processes of decrease of toxic effect and restoration of cells that were damaged.