Golovach I. Mechanical and technological justification of vibration digging root crop up

Object - a process of vibrational digging up of sugar beet root crops and interacting of vibrational digging out executive devices of beetroot pullers with root crops and soil enclosing them. Purpose - increasing quality of digging up of root crops and decrease of power inputs of process on the basis of working out of fundamental theoretical bases of mechanical and technological substantiation of process of vibrational digging up. Methods - Theoretical researches were carried out with applying of methods of compiling of differential equations of movement of the solid body which is under the influence of certain system of forces. Are used also a principle of a stationary operation of Ostrogradskii-Hamilton in the theory of oscillations of distributed parameter systems; fundamentals of the shock theory; fundamentals of the theory of oscillations of systems with a finite number of degree of freedoms; Euler's kinematic and dynamic equations; fundamentals of strength of materials and probability theory and mathematical statistics. Experimental researches are carried out with applying of conventional and private techniques, with use of mathematical methods of planning. Data processing of experimental researches was carried out by statistical methods by means of software packages for data analysis. Novelty - Theory of digging up of sugar beet root crops by passive share lifter has had the further development, the mathematical model of direct interacting of shares of the digging out executive device with a root crop at root crop removal out of soil is developed. Theory of longitudinal and transverse oscillations of root crop as elastic body fixed in the soil as in elastic medium is constructed. Analytical forms for determination of fundamental frequencies of free oscillations and amplitudes of forced oscillations from conditions of root crop undamageability and unbreaking tail root crop part off are found. The system of differential equations of space oscillations of a root crop in soil on the basis of Euler's kinematic and dynamic equations and system of differential equations of translational oscillations of a root crop together with a conditional point of fixation and enclosing soil, and also angular oscillations of a root crop round a conditional point of fixation as solid body in elastic medium are obtained. Analytical forms for determination of frequencies and amplitudes of free, free accompanying and root crop forced oscillations of root crop in soil as solid body in elastic medium at which there is a final fracture of connections of a root crop to soil are obtained. The theory of sugar beet root crop direct removal out of soil is developed, kinematic parameters of the executive device at which full root crop removal out of soil guaranteed occure are defined. Main principles of the theory of shock interacting of the vibrational digging out executive device with a root crop at initial contact of the executive device to a root crop in the course of its removal out are developed. Analytical conditions of unbreaking tail root crop part off at shock interacting with the digger are obtained. Admissible reduced to a point of impact masses of the executive device, admissible oscilation frequency of the executive device, and admissible velocities of translational motion of the digger under the condition of unbreaking tail root crop part off at impact are defined. Minimum admissible oscilation frequency of the executive device for the set velocity of translational motion of the digger and set length of a back part of a working directing surfaces at which one capture of each root crop by the vibrational digging out executive device is possible at least is defined. Results of investigation. On the basis of results of researches the constructions of vibration digging out executive devices of beetroot pullers which are protected by 10th patents have been offered. Results of researches and received recommendations can be used at projection, working out and modernising of new constructions of beet harvesting combines. Branch - Machines and means of agricultural production mechanization