Trzhetsynskyi S. The Influence of exogenous neuropeptides on pancreas' endocrine function and associated metabolic processes in the standard and in diabetes mellitus (experimental research)

The subject of investigation: the endocrine function of pancreas in norm and in diabetes mellitus and correction of this function. The unit under test: morpho-functional status of alfa- and beta-cells of pancreatic islets, hormonal status, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in normoglycemic and diabetic animals after introduction of synthetic neuropathies (cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide, bombesin, neuropeptide Y, vasopressin, oxytocin. Methods of investigation: spectrophotometric, radioimmunoassay, fluorometric, histochemical, immunocytophotometric, statistic. It has been founded for the first time the availability of inclusion of regulatory peptides into antidiabetic therapy for the purpose of inhibition of progressive worsening of functional activity of pancreatic beta-cells as well as for achievement of more stable metabolic compensation in diabetes mellitus. It has been shown for the first time by the comparative analysis of pharmacologic effects of antidiabetic direction that oxytocin possesses the strongest antidiabetic properties among the investigated neuropeptides. Under conditions of hyperglycemia, oxytocin predominantly stimulates the regeneration of beta-cells in pancreatic islets. Combined introduction of oxytocin with insulin inhibits morphological and metabolic manifestations of absolute insulin insufficiency. Discovered pharmacologic effects of oxytocin are experimental substantiation for its clinical investigations as a potential agent to maintain endocrine function of the pancreas, as well as for metabolic processes normalization under condition of diabetes mellitus. Area of application: endocrinology.