Kobylyansky E. Synthesis and Properties of Overbased Sulfonate, Alkylsalicylate and Phenolate Systems and Complex Greases on their Base

Overbased Sulfonate, Alkylsalicylate and Phenolate Systems. Establishment of synthesis's regularities, research into the structure and properties of ultra-dispersed, thixotropic overbased sulphonate, alkylsalicylate and phenolate systems and development on their base of overbased complex greases of the new type. Ordinary overbased systems and complex sulphonate, alkylsalicylate and phenolate greases were studied with the methods of IR-spectroscopy, combined light scattering spectroscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray structural analysis, Auger spectroscopy; antioxidant properties under dynamic conditions were investigated useing AS-2 instrument, protective properties under dynamic conditions on "Dinacorrotest" instrument.Appearance, viscosity, yield point, penetration, dropping point, colloidal and mecha -nical stability, total base numbers, corrosion action on metals, evaporation, thermal hardening, tribological characteristics were tested and evaluated with standard methods. It has been solved the scientific problem which consists in the determination of regularities of synthesis of ultra-dispersed thixotropic overbased systems and in the development with their use of new type complex greases. For the first time in the world practice, ordinary and complex alkylsalicylate, phenolate and modernized sulphonate overbased greases were synthesized with the method of procalcite carbonatation. It was determined the existence of two mechanisms of carbonatation: prophaterite and proposed procalcite mechanism of overbased thixotropic systems' formation. Nanomeric petals of ectocalcite layer of overbased micelles form, under friction processes, calcite films like a fish scale on metal surfaces, which improve the tribological characteristics of greases. Overbased complex greases due to the peculiarities of dispersed phases' internal and external structure are characterized with high resistance to oxidation and exceptional protective properties. They are recommended for the application in friction units operating under extreme conditions, particularly in aviation, and for the underwater lubrication. Sphere of use is oil chemistry.