Sklyarov V. Steam-turbine efficiency rise accounting thermo- and aero- dynamics feature of processes in two-phase flow zone.

Object of investigations is vapor steam, which expands in two-phase zone of low pressure part in steam turbines. Aim is development of the methods efficiency and safety increasing for turbo-machines, working at partial regimes, and also creation of the methods for thermodynamics processes governing, which maximize phase changeover heat utilize. Investigation methods are physical modeling and experimental investigations of thermodynamic processes for vapor expanding in two-phase zone, analysis of working regimes of turbine plants influence on thermo- and aerodynamic processes in turbines and their efficiency. Theoretical and practical results - determination optimal regime parameters, which keeping allow to reduce specific heat spending on 1-1,5% depending of working regimes and turbo-machine type; Theoretically and experimentally is shown, that heterogeneous nuclei of condensation creating caused by vapor flow ionization allow to approach process of wet steam expanding to equilibrium; methods and probes for temperature overcooled steam measurement and for concentration coarse dispersed moisture change control in vapor flow of turbines are developed. Novelty - new approach to define the regime parameters of turbine plants working on partial regimes is developed; method for process condensation of vapor governing, which allow to approach process of wet steam expanding to equilibrium and prevents condensation instability is developed. Implementation degree - work results are proved by implementation acts on Kharkov PP-5, Zmijov PP OAS "Centrenergo" and Kurakhov PP "Vostokenergo". Application range - heat-and-power engineering.