Polivianchuk A. Scientific and practical basis for improving the efficiency of determining emissions of of particulate pollutants in the exhaust gases of diesel

Process of definition of mass ejections of hard particles which contain in the completed gases of diesel engines, according to requirements of standard documents. Creation of the is scientific-practical fundamentals of gravimetric measurements of ejections of hard particles with the completed gases of diesel engines which ensure heightening of exactitude and reduction of cost of tunnels. The analysis and information synthesis - at the analysis of technique of gravimetric measurements of ejections particles; mathematical simulation - at the examined temperature fields in systems of dilution exhaust gases; methods of the theory of similarity and experiment scheduling - by working out and process research heat springback in the tunnel; experimental researches; settlement researches. For the first time the mathematical model of formation of resultants of errors of measurements mass and среднеэксплуатационного ejections particles which considers the common influence on these magnitudes of errors of the measuring equipment, temperature condition of sampling particles and conditions of stabilization of the working filter is developed. For the first time magnitude and significance compound by a resultant of an error of measurements the average operation ejection particles which arise at stages of preparation of test to the analysis and definition of mass particles is evaluated. The mathematical model of formation of temperature fields in final sections of pipelines of dilution exhaust gases and lines of sampling particles is created. For the first time the expediency of use in fractionally continuous tunnels of a compensating way of definition of a mass expenditure of the completed gases of a diesel engine, as more effective, than known analogues is justified. The criteria equation of process теплоотдачи in pipelines of primary and secondary dilution exhaust gases full continuous, mini-and mikro - tunnels which differs from the known criteria equations is justified. Actions for improvement of the gravimetric measurement method of index РТ are offered have allowed to lower a resultant an error of its definition in 4,6 times. The created mockup samples of the mobile automized systems. Designed experimental installations allow to carry out research of working processes tunnels in a wide range of a variation of constructive and regime parameters. Experimental dependences for installation of methodical errors of measurements of index РТ which arise at stages of preparation of tests and stabilization of the working filter are received, allow to evaluate exactitude of definition of magnitude РТ. The technique of definition of ejections particles from diesel diesel engines is introduced in SMC "Transmash" (Lugansk). Designed mathematical models, the equipment and results of researches are introduced in educational process of chair of ecology to the SNU of V. Dalja and chair DVS NTU "KhPI". Engine-building.