Egorova T. Scientific foundations of ecology-geochemical processes in agricultural landscapes of Ukraine

The laws of ecology-geochemical processes that cause distribution of nutritious microelements and heavy metals in components of zonal agro-landscapes of Ukraine are determined in the thesis. The work reveals the causal relations between agro-environmental, geochemical and biogeochemical processes as interrelated components of ecology-geochemical processes. There were obtained background values of 12 microelements (Zn, Co, Cu, Mo, Mn, Pb, Cr, Ni, V, Sr, Ba, Ti) in soils, surface waters and rocks of 128 agro-landscapes of Ukraine. It is established that zoning of background distribution of biophiles is lower than of biophobes indicating decrease of significance of biogenic processes. 82% of agro-landscapes of Ukraine are characterized by geochemical processes of scattering nutritious microelements from soils and soil generating rocks causing their deficits in agricultural plants. It is determined that increase of MPC of heavy metals (Zn, Ba, Ni, Cr) in soils of arable land is caused by class of geochemical migration and is characteristic of calcium and acidic gley agro-landscapes. It was established that 80% of territory of Ukraine is characterized by imbalance of biogeochemical food chains that is revealed in deficiency of Co, Mo, Mn and excess of Zn. 17 regional geochemical landscapes and 6 ecology-geochemical provinces reflect in these conditions features of biogeochemical processes. The prognosis biogeochemical subregions of Ukraine Co, Mo, Mn occupying 11 administrative regions where deficiency of Co, Mo, Mn in soils is consistent with increased morbidity of anemia, glomerulonephritis and diabetes are territories of "hidden hunger" for agrocensores, animals and people. Principles and taxonomic categories of agricultural landscapes for a general scientific and targeted agro-ecological zoning of agricultural lands of Ukraine are developed.