Object - cement composites for waterproofing with high hydro-physical characteristics; subject - the laws of formation of structure and properties of cement composites for waterproofing, raising their hydro-physical characteristics; aim - the establishment and use the laws of formation the structure of cement composites to enhance their hydro-physical and physical-mechanical characteristics; methods - standard research methods of physical-mechanical and hydro-physical properties of composites, physical and chemical methods of X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, light and electron microscopy, the method of adsorption the color indicators, numerical methods of construction and technological problems; novelty - the first time the dependence of hydro-physical characteristics of cement composites of surface electrical properties of structural components, in particular, it was found that the increase in water resistance is provided by the synthesis of additional crystalline - hydrocarboaluminates, gidronitroaluminates, gidrohloraluminates calcium and calcite having a positive surface charge on the surface of long capillaries fibers with a negative surface charge; first set of the formation of crystalline surfaces for long capillary fibers in accordance with their surface electrical properties, in particular, found that crystalline hydrates form therewith electrogeterogen contacts, providing high strength, density, impermeability; were further developed: thermodynamic methods of synthesis the crystalline formation with a positive sign of the surface charge - hydrocarboaluminates, gidronitroaluminates, gidrohloraluminates calcium and calcite, when administered in cement composites salt electrolytes; understanding of components the penetration waterproofing composition in the porous material, which is provided by diffusion of ions through water-saturated pore clogging and the depth is determined by the length of the diffusion path for the time corresponding to the setting time of waterproofing composition; crystal energy presentation on the impact of characteristics the structural units of cement composites on their physical and mechanical properties; methods of mathematical planning of the experiment, which allowed optimizing the recruitment and composition of the mineral and chemical additives added to the cement composites; results - established theoretical and experimental bases of the directed formation the structure of cement composites for waterproofing; scope of use - repair, reconstruction, restoration, protection and waterproofing of existing and construction of new building constructions, buildings and structures made of concrete, reinforced concrete, limestone, ceramic brick, sandstone.
