Kudinov D. Peasant Movement in Dnieper Ukraine in 1900th - February of the 1917th : The Historiography.

The dissertation studies a range of historical works covering the issue of peasant movement in Ukrainian governments as a part of Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. Main groups of historiographical sources on the history of peasant movement in the 1900th - February of the 1917th are systematized and qualified. Based on that, the author defined main historiographical periods of the research and revealing of the peasant movement question, distinguished key distinctions in the analysis of its processes and phenomena and specified methodological, ideological and political approaches used by historians in describing of sociopolitical life of Ukrainian countryside. Historical literature investigating peasant demonstrations is analyzed and its key content parts are described, namely peasant movement forms classification, peasant demonstrations subject matter analysis, problem units description (peasant-landlord, peasant-peasant, peasant-state, peasant-church). It is pointed out that the researches from different generations are consentient in their estimation of "First social war": the peasantry in various ways attempted to supplant landlords out of land. The differences in scientific discussion concern just the plan of further actions: whether to assign expropriated fields to personal use and then to private property or strictly keep the course on nationalization. Furthermore, there is no unity about the vision of conflicts within the peasantry. In case of Soviet scientists and partly of pre-October researches the conflicts in peasant environment were characterized from the point of view of class war: between rural capitalists and proletarized peasants. Contemporary historiography in this regard puts emphasize on socio-psychological component of the question: the contradiction of public morals under the conditions of the countryside capitalization, opposition to state interference in peasants' affairs, mental unpreparedness of the peasant majority to individualization, economic insecurity, punishments of public decisions breakers (especially in case of joint decision to perform demolitions in landlords' estates). "Peasants-state" conflicts are mainly examined within the framework of antagonism to repressive actions of the authority; it is stated that they rarely had "pure" form. It is proved that the historiography of peasant movement in actions against the church distinguished the same forms as those peculiar to the struggle against the landlords. The difference concerned only those aspects of the conflict when the protests of the peasantry didn't have material basis and where aimed against abuses by clergy or were caused by the alternations in attitude of peasant young generation to faith.