Panko O. The properties of large-scale structures of the southern sky at redshifts up to 0.2

A summary of results of the investigation of the properties of groups, clusters, and superclusters of galaxies, as well as those for galaxies in these structures is presented in the dissertation The distribution of more than a million galaxies in the Munster Red Sky Survey covering 5 thousand square degrees of the southern sky was analyzed in order to determine characteristic features of large-scale structures. A catalogue clusters and groups of galaxies with a wide set of their properties was created from the analyzed data in the survey. The redshifts for many structures were estimated using the log z – m10 calibration, and a list of superclusters was constructed. The ellipticities of clusters and groups of galaxies were analyzed according to their richness, redshift and morphological type. The dependences of cluster ellipticity on both richness and redshift are nonlinear. The new scheme for morphological classification of galaxy clusters was originate. The types correspond to the base divisions from concentrated to open clusters, but also note both the presence of preferential direction or plane and role of bright galaxies in each cluster. 247 rich clusters were classified according to the scheme. The spatial orientations of all galaxies in 247 rich clusters and in 43 rich clusters located in superclusters were investigated, and preferred orientations associated with the Supergalaxy were established. The influence of neighboring clusters on the orientation of galaxies was found to be significant. The special role played by supermassive cD galaxies on cluster formation was confirmed.