Nikiforova Т. Scientific bases and methods of calculation of structures of earth sheltered buildings taking into account external influences

Subject of research - processes of interaction between constructions of earth sheltered buildings and external influences. Objective of thesis: development of scientific basis of calculation of structures of earth sheltered buildings taking into account external influences and requirements of reliability and comfort and minimization of life cycle costs. Methods of research: mathematical and physical modeling of stress-strain state of earth sheltered buildings structures; reliability theory; experimental investigations of soils heat conductivity; numerical modeling of heat transfer processes; methods of rational design; common methods of empiric and theoretic research. Theoretic and practical results: there are developed methods of calculation of constructions of earth sheltered buildings that allow their rational design and arrangement in natural environment taking into account life cycle of building. Scientific novelty: for the first time there are developed new composite structures of earth sheltered buildings which help to reduce resource consumption; for the first time there are formulated methodological principles of earth sheltered buildings design taking into account external influences and minimization of life cycle costs; there are improved a spatial calculation model "earth sheltered building - soil mass" for numerical modeling using modern software; method of assessment of stress-strain state of composite structures with complex cross-sections has had further development which allows assessment of bearing capacity, deformability and crack-resistance of structures from uniform positions; for the first time the behavior of thermal-physical characteristics of soils was established; there are proposed method and carried out an assessment of energy efficiency of earth sheltered buildings; for the first time there is solved a problem of determination of heat parameters of earth sheltered buildings considering unsteadiness of initial parameters; there are improved method and carried out an assessment of economic and ecological efficiency of earth sheltered buildings considering life cycle costs and sustainable development criteria. Implementation degree: the results of investigation are implemented in normative-technical documents of Ministry of Regional Development and Construction and Ukraine State Committee of Energy Saving; used during experimental construction of energy efficient earth sheltered building in Yegorine village (Tsarichansky region); during design of individual earth sheltered dwelling houses in Novooleksandrivka village (Dnipropetrovs'kiy region); scientific-recreation complex of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv). Scope of application: design and construction of residential buildings.