The methodological and methodical approaches to systematization of global imbalances and internal imbalances in the Ukrainian economy were first developed and the research conceptual foundations were proposed through generalization of the macroeconomic indices as well as the separate economy sectors in dices and types of economic activity on the basis of СНР, balance of payments and trade balance.
The author defined the social capital influence, in particular its cultural component, on the disproportions formation.
The structural changes instruments in the real sector through the innovative, inclusive and sustainable economic policy implementation are offered. First of all it will allow to accelerate the national production development and the domestic market; to restore export activity and modernize Ukraine’s role in the international labor division; to intensify the raising incomes policy of the population, social and territorial cohesion; to ensure the life and environment safety.
In the course of the study, approaches to the study of reproductive proportions in terms of production, distribution, redistribution and end-use of goods and services were improved in the context of evaluating industries with different «content» of value added in the release, which enabled to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the industrial and agrarian sectors and to substantiate the necessity of changing structural elements on the basis of balanced development.
The dual influence of economic disproportions on the economy is established. On the one hand, they lead to unproductive working time losses, material resources and capital, and on the other hand, they stimulate their elimination and are the economy objective need, one of its development and growth laws.
The methodology for determining the main imbalances in the development of international trade and their impact on foreign trade in Ukraine has developed further, it has allowed to establish internal disproportions of development stipulating the existing commodity and geographical export structure ineffectiveness and determine the possibilities of import substitution in the domestic market.
The proposed study methodology allowed to identify such disproportions of GDP structure as a faster growth of real disposable income compared with GDP growth, an overestimated level of final consumer expenditures, a low level of collective consumption of general government and gross accumulation, as well as low incomes of the population of Ukraine, limiting domestic demand.
The study of the reproductive GDP structure of Ukraine made it possible to establish that the value added share of commodity production is shrinking faster than the share of their production and the result is an abnormal high share of added value of financial activity, transport and communications, mining industry at its low level in the real sector.
The author has systematized the global and internal disparities of the Ukraine’s economy and developed proposals for optimizing the reproductive structure of the gross domestic product; the criteria and indicators for the development of the real sector, industry, and the sector of high-tech production in the crisis state are determined.
In the course of the research, the effect of the debt dynamics on disproportionality in the part of debt write-off and postponement of the repayment of eurobonds has been defined and recognized that according to the agreements reached, the creditors will receive additional payments if the Ukrainian economy grows at a fast pace after 2020 year, although the discounting of these amounts shows some payment benefits due to the money value changes, respectively, the cost of future payments.
The possibilities of ensuring macroeconomic stability and inclusive economic growth have been substantiated due to the need to reform the system of strategic planning in the direction of the organic combination of strategy, forecast, social and economic development programs and the state budget, goals and resources.
Approaches to eliminate disparities and develop a program of structural adjustment of Ukraine’s industry in accordance with the European approach, based on a combination of horizontal and sectoral approaches and the transition from the traditional sectoral approach to sector analysis and planning to a cluster approach when the state should be eliminated from influence on operational activities business, but should focus on a horizontal policy to create framework conditions for its development have been offered.
