Chaplygina A. Dendrophilic passerines (Passeriformes) as a structural-functional element of anthropogenically transformed forest biogeocoenoses of North-Eastern Ukraine

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Science (DSc)

State registration number

0518U000836

Applicant for

Specialization

  • 03.00.16 - Екологія

24-10-2018

Specialized Academic Board

Д 08.051.04

Oles Honchar Dnipro National University

Essay

The object of research is dendrophilic passerines (Passeriformes) of anthropogenically transformed forest biogeocoenoses of North-Eastern Ukraine. The purpose of work is to establish patterns of a structural-functional organization of dendrophilic Passeriformes of forest biogeocoenoses as an element of biological and landscape diversity of North-Eastern Ukraine under anthropogenic transformation. The work for the first time reveals a role of dendrophilic Passeriformes in the regularities of the development of the ecological and faunogenetical structure of the avifauna of the forest biogeocoenoses of North-Eastern Ukraine in permanent sites with different degree of anthropogenic transformation. The dynamics of long-term changes in the spring arrival and breeding season of 36 bird species of short- and long-distance migrants depending on meteorological conditions of the region and climate change is established. Topical-reproductive consortial relations of dendrophilic Passeriformes with different nesting types are justified, where the common oak Quercus robur (L., 1753) is the main edificator. Principles of preadaptations of dendrophilic Passeriformes to the anthropogenically transformed forest biogeocoenoses are revealed where a positive value of man-made constructions for the reproduction of birds with different nesting types and formation of synanthropic subpopulations is found. Fabric links of dendrophilic Passeriformes with more than 60 species of plants, which are obligate dead parts of determinants of autotrophic consortia of Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, etc. are established. The reasons of the distribution of dendrophilic Passeriformes as consorts in concenters are given taking into account their trophic links with 345 taxa of invertebrates, important for the stable existence of autotrophic determinants and effective biodiversity conservation under transformed environment. Functioning mechanisms of meroconsortia of nests of dendrophilic Passeriformes with 390 taxa of invertebrates, which are determinants of tertiary consortia and support the functioning of the autonomous trophic chain throughout the vegetation season until winter, are revealed. Phoric links of 32 species of dendrophilic Passeriformes are established, which transport seeds of almost 120 wild and cultivated fruit and berry plants, ectoparasites of 20 invertebrate taxa (mostly Siphonaptera, Acari, Hippoboscidae, etc.), macro- (Fe, Ca) and microelements (Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Sr, Ni, Co, Сr, Se), agents of viral diseases (Newcastle, egg drop syndrome-76, Gumboro, infectious laryngotracheitis, the H1, H2, H4, H8 subtypes of influenza A), among which the H1, H2 subtypes of influenza prevail in human populations. Scientific statements of the dissertation are introduced into the educational process of student’s training when teaching ecological and zoological disciplines. They are used for the compilation of "The Nature Records", etc.

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