Sverdlikovs'ka O. Polymeric quaternary ammonium salts and their analogues – ionic liquids of new type

The dissertation is devoted to the development of scientific foundations for the production of polymeric ionic liquids and ionic liquids of ionen type based on morpholine with high ion conductivity in a wide range of temperatures and the determination of dependencies of their physic-chemical properties on structure and external factors (solvent, temperature, etc.) for solving urgent macromolecular chemistry problems. For the first time established the correlation dependencies between the chemical structure of monomeric, dimeric and polymer ionic liquids and their physical and chemical properties, which are is basis for the synthesis of new compounds with given characteristics: ion conductivity, its increases with decreasing of anion size, melting point (glass transition), and molecular mass of ionic liquids . The melting point (glass transition) of polymeric ionic liquids and ionen type ion liquids decreases with decreasing anion size and molecular weight. The dependence of the viscosity on the concentration of ionen type polymeric ionic liquids in solutions was determined. The chemical nature of the discovered dependencies is explained. The influence of the structure of polymeric ionic liquids and ionen type ion liquids (the structure of the substituent’s at the quaternary nitrogen atom, the size of the molecule, the number of charges and the distance between the atoms of the quaternary nitrogen in the macromolecule chain, the type of the anionic part), the temperature range of their ionic conductivity in water solutions and organic solvents. It was established that the new polymeric ionic liquids and water morpholine-based liquids have a significantly higher level (four to fifteen orders) of ionic conductivity (~ 10–1–10–6 Sm·cm–1) without properties changing in temperature range –280С ÷ –1350С in comparison with the world known analogues on the basis of polymeric ionic liquids which obtained by radical polymerization of methacrylate monomers of pyrrolidined derivatives, imidazolium. The possibility of using synthesized polymeric ionic liquids and ionic liquids based on morpholine as components of liquid and polymeric electrolytes for various electrochemical devices (organic solar cells, lithium power sources, capacitors, etc.); also as a reagent in the synthesis of polymers; as detergent ozonone destructive; as supplements of compositions based on known polymer materials; as extragrants and coagulants.