Tkachuk O. Environmental principles of optimization of agrocenoses and soil of the Central Forest-steppe

On the basis of complex theoretical and experimental research studding ecological problems related to soil pollution and agrocenosis, in particular the accumulation of heavy metals in soil during intensive agriculture with a high level of chemicalization in crop production, the ecological principles for optimizing the soil and agrocenosis in the Central Forest-steppe inclusion in the crop rotation of legumes of perennial grasses, whose cultivation is improving the agro-ecological state of the soil and increasing the level of safety food grain. Growing on a graygray podzoleny medium loamy soil of bean perennial grasses of a biennial cycle: Trifolium pratense L. or Melilotus albus L., as well, as of more durable species: Medicago sativa L., Onobrychis arenaria Kit., Lotus corniculatus L. and Galеga orientallis Lam. promote soil fertility, improve its agrophysical state, reduce pollution by moving forms of heavy metals, and increase the stability and productivity of winter wheat agrocenoses, as the next culture in crop rotation, ecological safety and the quality of its grain.