Due to modernization of educational and scientific systems at the global, regional and national levels to provide professional training of highly professional staff in higher educational establishments, priority is given to professionally competent teachers, researchers, innovators, capable of implementing modern methodological approaches to scientific knowledge and student-centered education throughout life with prolonged employment. The purpose of the research is to develop and experimentally test the system of postgraduate pedagogical education in the process of training future teachers with scientific and methodological competence to provide synchronous modernization of educational and scientific space on the fundamental-philosophical, special-scientific, theoretical and methodological and practical-organizational concepts. In the dissertation it is for the first time developed, theoretically substantiated and experimentally tested structural-logical model of the system of formation of future teachers' synergetic scientific and methodological competence in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, implemented in organizational-purposeful, scientific and educational evolutive, resultant subsystems with the use of propaedeutic, elective, ergonomic criteria on pre-intermediate, intermediate and advance levels and its verification with experts' evaluation have been made. A model of the system of postgraduate training of ZVO teachers with synergetic scientific and methodological competence of providing their professional development in the field of pedagogical education for the fulfillment of the social demand for formation, teachers' professional development and experts' evaluation of its relevance is developed. Structural and logical analysis of normative legal and technical regulation of postgraduate pedagogical education in Ukraine and the world, comparative theoretical and methodological analysis of world and domestic experience of development and improvement of teachers' professional competence in the system of postgraduate education was made. Modern models of professiograms of teachers, academic staff were researched with the help of structural and logical analyses and systematization to characterize peculiarities of teachers' of new formation professional training, professional competencies, peculiarities, functions, principles and technologies of their training with scientific and methodological competences of synergy of formation and development were conceptualized. Systematically important role of scientific schools of formation of educational and research programs of teachers' training and professional development, their professionalism in the conditions of transformation of the system of postgraduate pedagogical education in Ukraine to provide sustainable development of the state and society is specified. The structure, criteria, indicators were defined and level of scientific and methodological competence of teachers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education were characterized. Scientific and methodological competence as a unity of its components: methodological and scientific-research is detailed. Methodological frameworks are proved and the concept of formation of teachers' synergetic scientific and methodological competence in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education is developed, its main tasks are defined. With the help of differential methods of realization of the concept depending on the specificity of the types of education. The scientific guidelines on architectonics of educational and scientific activity of a higher educational institution for specialists and professionals regarding formation of synergetic scientific and methodological competence were further developed.