Sementsov Y. Formation of structure and properties of sp2-carbon nanomaterials and functional composites with their participation.

The monograph deals with scientifically based methods for the synthesis of multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by chemical vapour deposition using complex oxide catalysts such as Al-Fe-Mo-O and Si-Al-Fe-Mo-O with carbon sources: a ethylene, propylene, pro-pane-butane. The possibility of regulating the structural characteristics of CNTs by chang-ing the phase composition and dispersion of the catalyst was shown. The described tech-nique of deagglomeration CNTs in liquids. The methodology of obtaining composite ma-terials filled with CNTs with their homogeneous distribution in matrices of different na-ture is presented. The mechanism of amplification of low-filled matrices was experimen-tally confirmed. The essence of which is that the grid of the nanoscale filler creates a layer of the matrix itself in the nanoscale state, which due to the surface energy has significant-ly improved properties than in the usual one. Mechanical, thermophysical, thermodynam-ic characteristics of the obtained composites, including percolation effects of electrical conductivity are investigated. This work also addresses research-based methods of obtaining and purification of graphite intercalated compounds (GICs) [GIСs-H2SO4] and expanded graphite (EG) through oxidation and thermal processing of natural graphite. The results of studies of structural changes of residual [GICs-H2SO4] in rapid heating with the aim of obtaining EG. It is shown that the EG is clustered nanoscale system, which is characterized by long, cylindrical, conical, and slot defects with average diameters of cross sections of (0.7–20) nm. It is due to convolution and break several layers of graphene wich may be related to disclination defects.The methods of forming of solid materials from EG powder, their physical and chemical characteristics, and area of use are analyzed. The main methods of obtaining modified forms of EG, their structural features and characteristics are consid-ered. Set out the physical-chemical basis for the formation of nanocomposite materials EG-carbon EG-carbon-CF and EG-CNT, the study of their structure and its influence on physico-mechanical properties of the composites. Described is a process of obtaining na-noparticles graphene with adjustable dimensions by the method of anodic oxidation of the solid material from the EG in alkaline electrolyte, which self-organize into 3-D structures on conductive substrates and are effective filler polymer materials. Possible ways of practi-cal use of the received materials are offered.