Dovhaliuk V. Development of scientific bases of creation of temperature-humidity modes of air environment in museum premises

The dissertation is devoted to the decision of an actual scientific and technical problem of introduction of systems of creation of temperature and humidity modes in museum premises which realization is based on the complex account of heat and mass transfer and deformation processes in hygroscopic exposition materials and improvement of air distribution in the variable mode of heat and moisture receipts, providing in zones of placement of exhibits of the normalized microclimatic parameters. The mechanism and kinetics of moisture pickup in the general case includes the processes of adsorption, absorption, capillary condensation being accompanied by with bodies’ swelling. It is especially typical for colloid capillary-porous materials and relevant to most of museum exhibits. It has been developed a system of equations describing heat and mass transfer and deformation processes in polymer group materials under conditions closest to the normalized air environment under non-stationary regimes. The criteria for assessing the efficiency of air exchange for the zonal and general exchange system of microclimate formation are substantiated and proposed. The efficiency criteria relates the need to maintain the parameters’ normalized values of the air environment in the museum premises and the total effective potential of the air supply ratio. An algorithm based on a generalized discomfort index has been proposed to control the parameters of the air environment, among which its local indicator is a priority for exhibition halls. It is advisable to provide moisture transfer control in the materials being subject to museum storing constantly using the contactless method of electromagnetic energy absorption of electromagnetic waves of non-heat intensity. The influence of aerodynamic and thermal parameters of supply air on the development of non-isothermal jets during mixing ventilation and variable air flow rates is determined. Analytical relations for the calculation of air flows between adjacent rooms of the enfilade of exhibition halls are obtained. It is shown the influence of geometric dimensions and shape of adjacent openings on the magnitude and direction of air flow. Analytical dependences for kinematic, thermal and geometrical parameters of air distribution devices of different constructions are established, which determine the development of non-isothermal jets during displacement, zonal and mixing ventilation. The developed designs of new class air diffusers used in variable flow ventilation and air conditioning systems are based on the obtained theoretical dependences. On the basis of the geometrical theory of management is offered the methodology of a choice of operating modes of air distributors with variable type of jet streams at quantitative regulation of system of ventilation and air conditioning. An improved design of the contact apparatus for special museum premises and transportation of exhibits has been developed. Improving the energy efficiency of the device is carried out by intensifying heat transfer and increasing the interfacial heat transfer surface. Prospects for further development of research are proposed, which are aimed at the use of fractal analysis to assess and predict the storage conditions of museum collections that are in constant contact with the air. For operational control of air conditioning systems, the defining parameter K has been developed, the components of which are temperature, relative humidity and air velocity in museum premises.