The dissertation is devoted to the development of new and improvement of existing methodological approaches and methodological tools of consideration the impact of the main types of FinTech innovations on the development of the national economy as a whole and its individual sectors. It is proposed to define FinTech innovation as information-based innovation in the financial sphere, the introduction of which leads to radical changes in financial products, financial technologies (processes) and/or business models of financial intermediaries. The FinTech innovation market is proposed to be structured according to four basic criteria: type of financial service, type of entity – provider of FinTech-services, type of innovative technology that forms the basic concept of FinTech-services, focus consumer segment.
The choice of the most acceptable model of online financing is made depending on the specifics of the provider (subject, purpose, monetization of income) and the recipient (subject, purpose and motivation) of financial resources. Cluster analysis of the impact of a country`s regional affiliation on the choice of the dominant model of online financing showed that the key factors in dividing countries into clusters are the volumes of peer-to-peer consumer loans, peer-to-peer business loans and online debtfinancing. At the same time, the regional features of the development of online financing are available in such parameters as the type of provider of financial resources; type of recipient of financial resources; direct participation of the online platform in providing loans as a lender. The main determinants of the growth of online financing operations in the country are the level of its economic development, innovation and financial inclusion; the relationship with the level of economic freedom is direct and moderate. On the other hand, the development of information and communication technologies and the nature of regulatory influence do not significantly affect the development of online financing.
Cryptocurrency is a type of virtual money, characterized by a set of specific features, opportunities for functional use and risks. Taking into account the peculiarities of the economic nature and functional use of cryptocurrencies, it is proposed to assess their value from three positions: as a means of circulation and payment (exchange rate), as specific goods (mining costs) and as speculative assets (crypto market rates). Indicators of the level of digital financial inclusion in Ukraine are lower than the world average both in terms of the integrated indicator and its components. Digital financial inclusion of the household sector is not a significant determinant of reducing income inequality, but it largely determines the growth of economic well-being. FinTech innovations create alternative sources of financial resources for the sector of non-financial corporations (enterprises). The best suited models of online financing for small and medium-sized businesses are profit sharing crowdfunding, equity-based crowdfunding and reward-based crowdfunding, the choice of which is made in accordance with the purpose of attracting resources – financing current, investment and innovation activities.
Key words: FinTech innovation, digitalization, technologization, crowdfunding, online financing, cryptocurrency, national economy, public administration sector, household sector, economic development, investment
